越南港口效率与竞争力体系的分析.docx

本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：AnAnalySiSOfthnEffieiCnCyandCOmPVtitiVenCSSOfVietnameSePOrtSyStem出处DCPartmentOfMaritimeBUSineSS作者：Virlh3ThaiandDeVinderGWVVH原文：AnAnalysisoftheefficiencyandCompetitivenessofVietnamesePortSystembyVinhVanThaiandDevinderGrewalABSTRACTPorts,asoneoftheimportantlinksbetweendifferentmodesoftransportwithinthelogisticschain,havespecialessencesincetheirefficiencyandcompetitivenesswillcertainlyhaveanimpactonthechain,andhencethenationalandregionaleconomy.Vietnam,asadevelopingcountrygraduallyintegratingintotheregionalandglobaleconomy,isrationalizingitseconomicsectors,includingtransportation.Inthisenvironment,portsplayavitalroleforthepurposeofachievingcomparativeadvantagesintheinternationalmarket.However,theVietnameseportsystemisburdenedwithoutdatedworkpractices,lowefficiencyandpoorcompetitivenesscomparedtootherportsintheregion.ThispaperidentifiessomeoftheproblemsintheVietnameseportsystemandproposesstrategiestoaddressthem.Keywords:Vietnam,port,efficiency,competitiveness,analysisINTRODUCTIONThepaperisorganizedinfourmainsections.ThefirstpartsetsthegeneralbackgroundandoverviewonportgeographyinVietnam.ThesecondsectionaddressestheissuesofefficiencyandcompetitivenessoftheVietnameseportsystem.Thethirdpartproposessomedevelopmentstrategiesbasedonpreviousdiscussions,followedbythelastsectionthatsumsupthepaper.GeneralbackgroundVietnamislocatedintheIndochinapeninsulainSouthEastAsiaandsharestheborderswithChinaintheNorth,LaosandCambodiaintheWestandhasherEastcoastfacingtheSouthChinaSea.Thecountryissituatedwithinthetropicalzoneandhasatropicalmonsoonclimate.AsVietnamisanarrowandlongcountrystretchingfromthesouthofChinadowntotheGulfofThailand,theseasonsalsovaryfromthenorthtothesouthofthecountry.Inthenorth,therearevisiblyfourseasons;however,thesouthernpartofthecountryexperiencesonlytwoseasonsallyearround,namelythetropicaldryandthetropicalwet.Asfarastidalregimesareconcerned,portsinthenorthseemainlythediurnaltidalregimewhileinthecentralregionthereisacombinationofsemi-diurnal,irregularsemi-diurnalandirregulardiurnalregimes.Inthesouth,thetidalregimesinexistencearesemi-diurnalandirregularsemi-diurnal.BriefoverviewonportgeographyinVietnamVietnamhasmorethan3,OOOkiIometresofcoastlinestretchingfromnorthtosouthofthecountry.TheVietnameseportsystemconsistsofbothportsalongthecoastlineandtheoneslocatedonrivers.AccordingtoVietnamMaritimeBureau(VINAMARINE,2023),therearecurrentlymorethan90portswhichcanreceivevesselsoninternationalvoyagesandseveraldozenofotherportsforinternaltrade.TheVietnamPortAssociation(VPA),whichnowhas40membersallofwhomarecapableofservingvesselsoninternationalvoyages,hastheannualcargothroughputofmorethan80%ofthecountry,stotal.AnalysisoftheVietnamesePortSystemInthispartofthestudytheefficiencyandcompetitivenessoftheVietnameseportsystemwillbeanalysedanddiscussed.Themainissuesinvolvingportinstitutionalandadministrativeregimes,aswellasportoperationandmanagementwillbecoveredtorevealthecontemporaryproblemsasfarasefficiencyandcompetitivenessareconcerned.Wherenecessary,comparisonwillbeconductedbetweentheVietnameseportsandsomeothersintheASEANandESCAPregiontofurtherillustratetheanalysisanddiscussion.InstitutionalandadministrativeissuesFromaholisticpointofview,theinstitutionalandadministrativeissuesofaportsystemareveryimportanttoprovideinitialinformationaboutitsefficiencyandcompetitiveness.Inthissection,differentcategoriesofportmanagementbodyaswellastheroleofportauthoritiesinVietnamwillbeanalysedanddiscussed.PortmanagementbodyinVietnamTheportmanagementsysteminVietnamisverydiversified.Examplesinclude:VINAMARINE,WhiChisunderdirectcontrolandmanagementoftheMinistryofTransport,managesthreeports-NgheTinhPort,QuiNhonPortandNhaTrangPort.VINALINES(VietnamNationalShippingLines),whichisalsounderdirectcontrolandmanagementoftheMinistryofTransport，isthestate-ownedcompanyresponsibleforshippingactivitiesinVietnam.Itmanages:HaiPhongPortandQuangNinhPortinthenorth,DaNangPortinthecentral,SaiGonPortandCanThoPortinthesouth.1.ocalgovernments,suchascitiesandprovinces,alsotakepartinportmanagement.Forinstance,BenNghePortisdirectlyundersupervisionandmanagementofDepartmentofTransportandPublicWorksofHoChiMinhCity.Somestate-ownedcorporations,whichareundercontrolofprovincesandcities,alsomanageports.ThisisthecaseofHonKhoiPortmanagedbyasaltcompanyundercontrolofPeople,sCommitteeofKhanhHoaprovince.TheparticipationofprivatesectorinportmanagementinVietnamisstillverylimited.Nationally,thereareonlytwoportsthathavetheprivatesector,sparticipationsofar:BaRiaSereceinPhuMy(VungTauprovince)asthejoint-venturebetweenNorway,FrenchandVietnamesepartners;VICTasthejoint-venturebetweenNOLofSingapore,Mitsui&Co.ofJapanandSouthernWaterborneTransportCompanyofVietnam.TheseportsareunderdirectcontrolandmanagementofbothMinistryofTransportandMinistryofPlanningandInvestment.TheroleofPortAuthorityThedefinitionoftermportauthority,anditsfunctionsinVietnamisverydifferentfromothercountriesintheworld.In1977,aportauthoritywasdefinedas'State,