牛津上海版八年级寒假讲义第2讲-语态.docx

学习目标灵活运用八大时态的被动语态教学内容首字母Millionsoftreesarebeingcutdowntom_l_paper.Ifeveryoneusesalittlepapercarelesslyandthrowsitout,beforelongwewouldn'thaveanytreesleft.Otherthingsarealsobeingwasted,andpeopledon'tr_2_knowwhattodowiththehugeamountofrubbishproducedinbigcities.Soitisnecessarytoreducetheamountofwasteineverypossibleway.Youshouldalwaysthinkofreusingtheusablethingsbeforethrowingthemaway.Giveyourclothes,youdonotuseortheonesthataretoosmalltothep_3一Withinafamily,youmaypassonsuchclothestoyoungerbrothersorsisters.Ifyouwish,youcanusebuttonsorsockstomakedollsortoysforyourb_4_brotherorsister.Ifoneofthelegsofyourtableisb_5_.youcanhaveitrepairedinsteadofthrowingthetableaway.Ifyouwanttoc_6_forbetterfurniture,it'sbettertoselltheoldthingsorgivethemtootherpeople.TheycanusethemafterdoingsomerepairsV1make2really3poor4baby5broken6change中等题：Choose the best answer.时态语态考点2)3)4)5)We were in Qingdao last week andA. will haveB. have hadHello! Can I speak to Alice?Sorry. She isn't here right now. Shegreat fu C. hadA. goesB. will goHe,ll send US a message as soon as heto the shop. C. has gone in Sichuan.D. was goingA. is arriving Help! Wang QiangA. was having KevinB. will arriveC. arrivedD. arrivesB. had hadan accident.C. has hadD. will haveto work in his hometown after he graduated from university.A. goes 6)B. wentyou.C. will gothe film Harry Potter 5?D. had gone一Notyet.I'llseeitthisSunday.A. Did, seeB. Are, seeingC. Have, seenD. Do, see7)Wereyouathomeat9o'clocklastnight?Yes, I.a shower at that time.A.tookB.wastakingC.wastakenD.amtaking8)9)10)ThechildrenaP.E.classontheplaygroundwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.A.haveB.arehavingC.hadD.werehavingHow'sAnnie?Iherforalongtime.A.don'tseeB.won'tseeC.didn'tseeD.haven'tseen一Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?Sorry.Ididn'tcatchit.Isomethingelse.A.thinkB.willthinkC.wasthinkingD.hadthoughtKeys：15CCDCB610CBDDC提高题:1) Iwon'tforgetmyteacherbecauseshesokindtomesinceIcametothisschool.A.hasbeenB.willbeC.wasD.is2) ItoCapeTownsoIknownothingaboutit.A.don'ttravelB.won'ttravelC.haven'ttraveledD.hadn'ttraveled3) Nancyisnotingtothepartytonight.Butshemeshe'dloveto.4)5)6)7)8)9)10)A.tellsB.toldChadtoldD.istellingHasn'tBettyeyet?一No,andIforherfornearly2hours.A.waitB.waitedC.havewaitedD.hadwaitedItisreportedthattheUndergroundLineNo.3inourcityin2010.A.willbuildB.hasbuiltC.willbebuiltD.hasbeenbuiltDidyouseeagirlinwhitepassbyjustnow?No,sir.Ianewspaper.A.readB.wasreadingC.wouldreadD.amreadingFewstudentscanunderstandthesentenceuntilittwiceorthreetimes.A.explainsB.isexplainedC.willbeexplainedD.hasexplainedJohn,ourforeignteacher,leftNantongtwoyearsago,andIhimsincethen.A.don,tseeB.won'tseeC.didn'tseeD.haven'tseenNowthestudentseachanEnglishChinesedictionary.A.hasB.haveC.ishavingD.arehavingDidyouwashyourclothes?一No,IwasgoingtowashmyclothesbutIvisitors.A.havehadB.haveC.hadD.willhaveKeys：15ACBCC610BBDBC被动语态教学建议：】、引导学生分析主动语态与被动语态的区别【知识梳理1】语态1、两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1 ）Weuseelectricitytorunmachines.（主动语态）2 ）Electricityisusedtorunmachines.（被动语态）中2.被动语态的时态形式被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。批注：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。常用的被动语态有下列几种时态形式。时间一般时进行时完成时现在am/is/areaskedam/is/arebeingaskedhave/hasbeendone过去was/werebeaskedwas/werebeingaskedhadbeendone将来will/shallbeasked过去将来should/wouldbeasked3 .被动语态的基本用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。Somenewputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.这本书出版于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。ThewindowwasbrokenbyMike.窗户是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。批注：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。4 .主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be+过去分词）。（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallthepeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremade（bythem）inthefactory.批注：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。中5.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带t。的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。批注：情态动词变被动，情态加be加“过分”，如若情态后带to,变后有t。才算数。例如：Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Yououghttotakeitaway.Itoughttobetakenaway.【中等题】1. Thegovernmenthasbuiltmanyparkingplacesforcarownersthisyear.（改为被动语态）Manyparkingplacesforcarownersbuiltbythegovernmentthisyear.（普陀区）2. Didtheyfindthepetcatafteraday,sSearCh?（改为被动语态）thepetafteraday'ssearch?（奉贤区）3. SomeneighborssawJackwalkinginthestreetlastnight.（改为被动语态）Jackwalkinginthestreetbysomeneighborslastnight.（松江区）4. ThevolunteerwillshowthevisitorsaroundtheDisneylandwhenitOPenSJ改为被动语态）ThevisitorswillaroundtheDisneylandwhenitopens.（长宁金山区）5. Ourteacherwarnedusnottotouchthechemicalsinthelab.（改为被动语态）