美国名人 乔治娅·欧姬芙.docx

美国名人乔治娅欧姬芙Georgia0,Keeffeplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByCatyWeaver2004-9-11(THEME)VOICEONE:mGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Todaywetellaboutoneofthegreatestpaintersofthetwentiethcentury,GeorgiaO'Keeffe.(THEME)VOICEONE:Americahasproducedmanygreatpaintersinthepastone-hundredyears.GeorgiaO'Keeffeisoneofthemostpopularandeasilyrecognizedartists.Peopledonotmistakeherworkforanyoneelse,s.Peoplecanimmediatelyidentifyherpaintingsofhuge,colorfulflowersorbonesindream-likedeserts.GeorgiaO'Keeffesaidshedidnotknowhowshegottheideatobeanartist.But,shesaidztheideacameearly.Sherememberedannouncingwhenshewastwelveyearsoldthatsheplannedtobeanartist.VOICETWO:Georgiawasbornineighteeneightyseven,thesecondofsevenchildren.HerparentsweresuccessfulfarmersinthemiddlewesternstateofWisconsin.Georgia'smotheralsohadculturalinterests.ShemadesurethatGeorgiaandhersistersstudiedartzinadditiontotheirusualschoolsubjects.BythetimeGeorgiawassixteen,theO'KeeffefamilyhadmovedtoWilliamsburgzVirginia.AfterGeorgiafinishedschool,sheattendedtheArtInstituteofChicago,Illinois.Georgiawasespeciallypleasedwiththehelpshegotfromherteacher,JohnVanderpoel.ShelaterwrotethatJohnVanderpoelwasoneofthefewrealteacherssheknew.VOICEONE:Innineteen-oh-sevenzO'KeeffebeganayearattheArtStudentsLeagueinNewYorkCity.ThefamouspainterWilliamMerrittChasewasoneofherteachers.ChasehadagreatinfluenceonO'Keeffe'searlyartisticdevelopment.Shedescribedhimasfreshzfullofenergyandfierce.Sheseemedtounderstandandagreewithhisstyleofpainting.Then,innineteen-oh-eightzGeorgiaO'Keeffelefttheworldoffineart.ShemovedbacktoChicagoandworkedintheadvertisingbusiness.Shedrewpicturesofproductstobesold.HerparentshadbeenstrugglingfinanciallyforsometimeinVirginia.Laterzhermotherbecamesickwithtuberculosis.SomearthistorianssuspectthesewerethemainreasonsGeorgiaO'Keeffespentfouryearsinbusinessinsteadofcontinuingherstudies.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Innineteentwelve,O'KeeffereturnedtoartschoolattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville.ArtistandteacherArthurWesleyDowtaughtthatartshouldfillspaceinabeautifulway.Thistheoryinfluencedandchangedherwork.O'KeefealsolearnedabouttheRussianpainterWassilyKandinsky.Hewantedartiststorepresenttheinnerspiritinouterthings.O'KeeffeconsideredKandinsky1Swritingsatreasure.Shereadthemthroughoutherlife.VOICEONE:Innineteenfifteen,GeorgiaO'Keeffedecidedthatmuchofwhatshehadbeentaughtinartschoolwasoflittlevalue.Shedecidedtohangrecentworkshehaddoneonthewallofherhome.Sheexamineditanddidnotfindherselfintheart.Shewrotethatshehadbeentaughttoworklikeothers.Shedecidedthenthatshewouldnotspendherlifedoingwhathadalreadybeendone.GeorgiaO'Keeffebegantosearchforherownstyle.Sheusedonlycharcoal,theblackmaterialmadefromburnedwood.Inherbookaboutherlife,shewrotethatshedecidedtolimitherselftocharcoaluntilshefoundshereallyneededcolortodowhatsheneededtodo.Shewrotethatsixmonthslatershefoundsheneededthecolorblue.Sheuseditforawatercolorpaintingshecalled"BlueLines."VOICETWO:GeorgiaO'KeeffehadmetthefamousartcriticandphotographerAlfredStieglitz(STEEG-Iits)athisNewYorkCitygalleryinnineteen-oh-eight.Theirfriendshipgrewastheywroteletterstoeachother.Innineteenfifteen,O'KeeffetoldafriendthatshewantedherarttopleaseAlfredStieglitzmorethananyoneelse.ThatfriendshowedO'Keeffe'scharcoaldrawingstoStieglitz.Stieglitzlikedherdrawingsenoughtoshowtheminhisartgallery,calledTwoNinetyOne.VOICEONE:AlfredStieglitzwasamajorforcebehindshowsofGeorgiaO'Keeffe'sworkforthenexttwenty-fiveyears.Herfirstindividualshowathisgallerywaswellreceived.Shesoldherfirstpieceatthatshowinnineteenseventeen.StieglitzbecameO'Keeffe'sstrongestsupporter.Sevenyearslaterhebecameherhusband.Hewastwenty-fouryearsolderthanhisnewwife.TherelationshipbetweenGeorgiaO'KeeffeandAlfredStieglitzwasnotaneasyone.O'Keeffeoncesaidthattoher"hewasmuchmorewonderfulinhisworkthanasahumanbeing."Butzshealsosaidshelovedhimforwhatseemed"clearandbrightandwonderful."Thetworemainedmarrieduntilhisdeathinnineteenfortysix.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:GeorgiaO'KeeffealsohadalongloverelationshipwiththesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStates.Thedesertenvironmentwasthesubjectofmanyofherpaintings.O'KeeffehadmovedtothestateofTexaswhenshewastwenty-five.Sheacceptedatwo-yearpositionassupervisorofartinthepublicschoolsofAmariIIozTexas.1.ater,shetaughtinasmalltown.Shewroteaboutlongwalksonnarrowpathsinacanyonnearthattown.Thedangerousclimbsinandoutofthecanyonwerelikenothingshehadknownbefore.Shewrotethatmanypaintingscamefromexperienceslikethat.Inonesuchpainting,thecanyonisshownasahugedeepholeofmanycolors-redszorangesandyellows.Itlooksasifitisonfire.Thecanyonfillsmostofthepicture.Asmallareaofblueskyinthedistancelendsadditionaldepthtothepicture.VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty,GeorgiaO'KeeffebeganspendingmostofhersummersinthestateofNewMexico.Shecalledit"thefaraway."Shepaintedbigpicturesofdesertflowersandthehighrockyhills.Shealsobegantopaintpicturesofthebonesshefoundduringwalksnearhersummerhome.Mostofherpaintingsshar