SCM英文文献.docx

Industria1.Marketing322003)365374StrategiccostmanagementacrossboundariesoffirmsAnnaDubois*DeponiientotIndustrie!UHrkcting,Che1.nereUnNgra1.1.jr<f<*chnoky.Co1.MnbUrg$-41296SvkAbx1.rac1.Inrecentyears.incrco&inKattentionhasbeenP1.ACQdghn%urchasi11strategiesmycontributetotheefficiencyoffirm.Inthispaper,acasestudyi1.1.ustrateshovonefirnirp1.mentcdasupp1.ierbasereductiontoenab1.e0hichinvo1.verentStratccyinre1.ationtoappointedkey5kp1.iers.Theeffectsofthischa11cinpurrbasingstratwneroextensivecostrationa1.iMitis.Theruinchanceinthisproccssvasaredefinition>theunitof门Eindividua1.Inittsasc1.iixisIoby<r-33P1.ierrv1.a1.ionshipv.H>*cvcr.IheCgIXinthere1.etiohfperedrivennoton1.ybyInterna1.factorsontMtv8deg<fthereU1.ionehipbutH1.SObyhmthef<c1.re1.ationshipro1.tetoothern*Ia1.iiMihiptf.11wrcf>rc.Ihein*t1.cthec<»»1.eareaec1.edbyotherpartietc.5thasthesupp1.ier's5uppiier.thesupp1.ier*»othercu5tters.thecust<wr,sothersupp1.iers,andthecustoncr,SCUS1.oaor$,needtobeinc1.udedintheana1.ysis.D2003E1.sevierScienceInc.A1.1.rightsreserved.KCrv<rds:Purchisine:MRO：T<tn1.cost1. IntroductionThesupp1.ysideofC(WanieShusbecomeincreasing1.yiOipor1.antoverthe1.astfc?wrdccadex.(MereasonisthattheCOis1.sofpurchiiscdg×dsandservicesrepresentthenajorityoftota1.co!t1.!cfor11xtc。II1.Xinies.ThishighsIuireisattributab1.etothea11btionofcompaniestoconcentraten<>rcftheireffortsonnIi1.1.i1.edpartofthetota1.activitystructureofthebusinessnetworksinwhichtheyareinvo1.ved.Byoutsourcingactivities10supp1.iers,finisThischargeha&beenAccentuatedbocuscofincQinSginthnu11berofdifferenttechno1.ogiesac<xpanynowneedsordertobeab1.eUiOfKTmIeandbeenuxec»fthehighcOfdeve1.opingeachsubmequen1.generatinoftechno1.ogy,panicstodayaredependentonknew1.edgedeve1.opedamsupp1.iedbyotherfirms.«Te1.：W31T%1%fax：*46-31-772-33.areab1.etospecia1.isetheirOWnoperotions.Itisnoton1.ytheincreasingfinancia1.impactth«tmkestheripp1.ysidesignificant.Anotherrmreiffortantreoso<isthechangingnatureofthecontentofbuyer-supp1.ierexchange.Overtime,ouisourcingofnanufacturingactivitieshasbeenfo1.1.owedbyoutsourcingofdesignanddeve1.<e<Hwork.Ioanincreasingextent,supp1.iersarecontributingtoIhgt«chni1.deve1.opmentofacinny.E*-ui1.address：<A.Ihibois).Athirdreasonforwhichthesupp1.ysidehascomeHoreintofocusistheenhancedsignificanceofinterfaceswithotherfirms(Araujo,Dubois,&Gadde.1999).Interfaceswithsupp1.iersarecrucia1.noton1.ywhenitconestotechnica1.deve1.opncnt.but11anae11>entconceptsandtechniquessuchasjust-in-time(JIT).tota1.qua1.itymanagement(TQW).and*4zero-defectprincip1.e*a1.sohnvesubstantia1.iapactsonthew<yfi11u;operate.App1.yingthesetechniquesrequirestheactiveinvo1.vementofsupp1.iersandaffectsthecostsandbenefitsofbothbuyerandsupp1.ier.Theenhancedsignificanceofthesupp1.ysidehaswidepurchasingastrategicfunction.ThecontributionsfronpurchasingtothestrategicdeveIopeientofacompbes11mttrisedinIwostrategicro1.es:ra1.ioa1.isaanddeveIopoicnt(Axe1.sson&Ifcrkiinsso11.1981).Thedeopentro1.econcernsthepurchasingfunction*scontributiontothetechnica1.deve1.opmentofthefirmthroughorganisingandmanagingre1.ationshipswithsupp1.iers.Asregtherationa1.isationro1.e.Gadde.H<kansson(2000distirguishthreenaintypesofro1.es.Thefirstisre1.discoveringBhdtneedstobepurchased.TheSCeon1.re1.atedtorationa1.isationof1.ogisticsactivitiethethirdtorationa1.isationofadministrativeroutines.cenab1.ethepurchasingfundionIdcontribute?toIro1.es,purchasingstrategiesareneeded.AccordinGaddeandItaekansson(2001).threestrategicissuesnebe0019-8501/03/$-咏from<tcr1.>2003E1.vierScienwInc.A1.1.rfghxgx*erved.doi：10.1.O16.,S0O19-8SO1103)O001.1.>-5considered：(1)wakeorbuydecisions.(2)supp1.ystructure,andnatureofcustomer-supp1.ierre1.ationships.Inthispiipcr,weconcentrateontherationa1.isationro1.eandhovitaffectsandisaffectedbythesupp1.ybasestructureandthenatureofbuyer-supp1.ierre1.ationships.IheaimofIbepaperIhUStodixcusxb("thepurchasingXtratcgynayco1.ributctotherationa1.ixa1.i<nro1.eofpur-ch212cing.Inparticu1.ar,itfcu*c(onhimChanaSIawsirdxhigher1.eve1.sofinvo1.ve<rntinbuyer-supp1.ierre1.ationships.inpara1.1.e1.toeffortstoreducethenumberofSUPP1.icrs.nayifac1.<xthesupp1.ierx*abi1.ityIdcontribute1.0costrationa1.isations.Thefirstper1.Urthe%pvrfocusesonpurchasingstra1.cesandb(>vtheyareaxuned1.ocontributetoIhcefficiwcyOfthefirn.hcreatcr.costm1.i<>rm1.is1.i<xthr<ghsupp1.ierre1.a1.ionxhipxisdiscussedandMain1.efinnccRepairandOperations(MRO)supp1.iesareintroducedasaparticu1.ar1.yc<x1.icatcdpurchasingareawheretherearetypica1.1.y1.argeratixnIiationpotentia1.s.Acasedee1.ingwithMR(>purchasingispresentedinSection3andana1.ysedinSectiont.Thereafter,theconc1.udingdiscussionfocusesOnbovendvhystrategicsfocusednhighinva1.vcnen1.withi'e*supp1.iersmandshou1.dbesuccessfu1.1.ypursued.Fir½11y.scmMnajwriidip1.1.entionxareaddrexxedfacussing×Ihc4tota1.costconcept,andtheprob1.ensandpot