Unit-9-Chinese-Food课文翻译综合教程三.docx

Unit9ChineseFood'TethingsinlifeareasPoSitiUeasfaodforaretakenasintimatelyandcompletelybytheindividual.Onecanlistentomusic,hutthesoundmayenterinoneearandgooutthroughtheother;onemaylistentoalectureor.conversation,andday-dreamaboutmanyotherthings;onemayattendIomattersofbusiness,andone,sheartorinterestmaybealtogetherelsewhere.Inthematteroffoodandeatinghoueeronecanhardlyremaincompletelyindifferenttowhatoneisdoingforlong.Howcanoneremainentirelyindifferenttosomethingwhichisgoingtoenterone,sbodyandbecomepartofoneself?Howcanoneremainindifferenttosumiethingwhichwilldetermineone,sphysicalstrengthandultimatelyone'sspiritualandmoralfibreandwell-being?,t-Kenneth1.oThisisaneasyquestionforaChinesetoask,butaWesternermightfinditdifficulttoanswer.ManypeopleintheWestaregourmetsandothersaregluttons,butscatteredamongthemalsoisalargenumberofpeoplewhoarcapparentlyprettyindifferenttowhatgoesintotheirstomachs,anddonotregardf<xlashavinganyultimatemoraleffectonthem.How.thej,mightask,couldeatingahamburgerordrinkingCocaColacontributeanythingtomakingyouasaintorasinner?Forthem,foodisquitesimplyafuel.Kenneth1.o,however,expressesapointofVieWthatisprofoundlydifferentandtypicallyChinese,derivingfromthousandsofyearsoftradition.The1.ondonrestaurateurEulong,fbrexample,quotesnolessanauthoritythanConfiicius(theancientSageknowninChineseasK,ung-Fu-Tzu)Withregardtotheprimalimportanceoffood.Food,saidthesage,isthefirsthappiness.FuTongadds:"Foodtomycountrymenisoneoftheecstasiesoflife,tobethoughtaboutinadvance;tobesmotheredWithlovingcarethroughoutitspreparation;andtohavetimelavishedonitinthefinalpleasureofeating.*1.oObSCrVeSthatwhenWesternersgotoarestauranttheyaskfbragoodtable,whichmeansagoodpositionfromwhichtoseeandbeseen.Theyareusuallytheretobeentertainedsocially-andalso,incidentallytoeat.WhentheChinesegotoarestauranthowever,the>askforasmallroomwithplainwallswheretheycannotl?seenexceptbythemembersoftheirOwnparty,wherejacketscancomeoffandtheycanproceedwiththeseriousbusinesswhichbrougltthemthere.TheChineseintentions-arebothhonourableandwhole-hearted:tocatwithacapitalE."Despitesuchamarkeddifferenceinattitudestowardswhatoneconsumes,thereisnodoubtthatpeopleintheWesthavecometoregardthecuisineofChinaassomethingspecial.Infact,onecanassertwithSoniejusticethalChinesefoodis,nowadays,theonlyt11lyinternationalf<xxl.Itisubiquitous.RestaurantsbedeckedwithdragonsanddelicatelandscapesSerVingSUChexoticasDimSinGai(sweetandsourchicken),andShaoShingsoup,Chiao-TzuandKuo-Tioh(northernstyle),andGingAiKwar(steamedaubergines)havesprungupeverywherefromIlongKongIoHonolulutoHobokentoHuddersfield.Howdidthiscomeabout?Certainly,akindofChinesefoodwasexportedtoNorthAmericawhenmanythousandsofChinesewentthereinIhe19thcenturjtoworkonsuchthingsastheU.S.railways.Theysettledonornearthewestcoast,wherethefamousorinfamous"chopsueyjoints"grewup,withtheirratherinferiorbrandofChinesecooking.ThestandardofIlierestaurantsimprovedsteadilyinIheUnitedStates,but1.oconsidersthatthec11cialfactorinspreadingthiskindoffoodthroughouttheWesternworldwaspopulationpressureintheBritishcolonyofHongKong,especiallyafter1950,whichsentfamiliesoutalloverIheworldtoseektheirfortunesintheOpeningofrestaurants.Headds,however,thatthiscouldnothavehappenediftheworldhadnotbeeninterestedinwhattheHongKongChinesehadtoCOokandsell.HedetectsanincreasedinterestinsensualityintheWesternworld:"Colour,texture,movement,food,drink,androckmusicallthesehavebecomemuchmorepartandparceloftheaverageperson'slifethantheyhaveeverbeen.Itisthisincreasedsensualityandthedesireforgreaterfreedomfromage-boundhabitsintheWest,combinedwiththeinherentsensualconceptofChinesefood,alwaysquicktosatisfythetastebuds,thatisattherootofthesuddenandphenomenalspreadofChinesefoodthroughoutthelengthandbreadthoftheWesternWorld."Thereisnodoubtthatthetraditionalhigh-qualityChinesemealisaseriousinalter,fastidiouslypreparedandfastidiouslyenjoyed.Indeed,thebringingtogetherandinitialcuttingupandorganisingofthematerialsisabout90%oftheactualpreparation,thecookingitselfbeingonlyaboul10%.This10%isnot,howeverasimplematter.Therearcmanypossibilitiestochoosefrom;KennethIx),forexample,listsfortymethtlsavailablefortheheatingoffood,fromchitortheartofboilingtosuchothersast$'ang.akindofstir-fr>ingandbraising,t'a,deep-fryinginbatter,andwei,buryingfoodinhotsolidssuchascharcoal,heatedstones,sand,saltandlime.Thepreparationisdetailed,andtheenjoymentmustthereforematchit.ThusaPropCrChinesemealcanlastforhoursandproceedalmostlikeareligiousceremony.Itisasharedexperiencefortheparticipants,notalonelychore,Withitsprocessionofplannedandcarefullycontriveddishes,someelementsdesignedtoblend>otherstocontrast.Meatandfish,solidsandsoups,sweetandsoursauces,crispandsmoothtextures,freshanddriedvegetables-alltheseandmorechallengethepalateWiththeirappropriatecharms.InaChinesemealthathasnotbeenalteredtoconformtoWesternideasofeating,evelhingispresentedasakindofbuffet,theguesteatingalittleofthis,alittleofthat.IndividualportionsassucharenotProVidcd.Aproperlyplanneddinnerwilli