人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters 句子成分基本句子结构 讲义学案（含答案）.docx

句子成分&基本句子结构知板框架知火讲解句子成分MyfriendtTom.foundhismoneymissingonthewayhomeyesterday.Hcwasworried.1 .主谱（SlIbjCct）一S句子的主体，他句子说明的人或事物，通常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式（短语）、动名诃（短语）或从句担任.Fourandfivemakesnine.Runningisgoodforhealth.Theappleisnjd.Thesickandtheoldneedourhelp.2 .谓语（Verb）V表示主语的动作或状愈，由动词抱任Hcoftenreadsnewspapers.Theplanetakesoffat8o,clock.3 .食谱（object）O衣示动作的对象或行为承受者，一般位于及物动词（短语）或介词之后，通常由名诃、代词、形容词、致词、名词化的形在词、不定式短谓、动名词（短语）或从句担任£1接宾语：dijobjectDO间接宾语：MdireClobjeelIOWheredidyoubuythat?IWiShiOcallonyou.Wcshouldhelpthepoor.DoyouunderstandwhatImean?4 .表语（PrCdiMiVC）P位干系动诃之后,说明主语的特征、类属、状态或身份.通常由名诃、代词、形容词、数词、剧词.介诃短谱、不定式（短语）、分词短谱或从句担任Pleasetcclfreetosaywhatyoureallythink.Cometoseemetonoowwhen!amatwork.Sheissinging.Dancingisherfavoriteactivity.5 .宾语补足语（objectcomplement）C位于宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明的成分，通常由形容词、分词（短语）不定式（短语）、名词、介词（短语）或副词担任IfoundthebookVCryinteresting.DoyouhearTOmsinging?Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Pleasekeepthedogout.注意，主动语杳支被动语而后，宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语Someoneconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney.Hewasconsidered（ohavestolenthemoneybysomeone.6 定语（attributive）修饰或限定名词或代词的成分，通常由形容词、代词数词、名词（所有格）、动名词（短语）副词、介词短语、不定式（短语）、分词（短语）或从句担任Openyourmouthandputonyourtongue.It'safinedaytoday.Putthechildinthesleepingbag.1.et'stryanotherwaytodothis.7 .状语（Adverbial）A用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或句了，可以丧示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、程度、条件、方式、让步等。通行由副词、介词短语、不定式（短语）、分词短语、形容词短语、独立主格或从句担任Hereturnedhome,safeandsound.Wc,llgowherepeopleneedus.Arrivingthere,callmeup.TimePCrmming.we'lltakeabreak.8 .同位语对前面名词（词纲）进一步制黑说明的成分，通常由名词、代词、数词或从句担任Wchavetwoforeignteachers,aCanadianandanAmerican.Wctwowillgotoseeyou.Thenewsthathewillcomeistrue.Theyeachcangetachancetotravelbyair.注意I同位语与前面被解狎的名词地位平等小螟&判斯下列句子中面线部分在句中作什么成分1. WCDlaycdgamestogether,andstayeduplatereadingbedtimeslurics.2. Hewasn'tCOOlanymore.3. DOnotloseyourCnrdorlendittoothers.4. Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors.5.1needanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographtaken.6.Shehandedmeadvice.XBCyourself.''句子基本结构简单句；只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个丽语（或并列消语）的句子八种基本结构：1 .主语+谓语一S+Vi一TheSUnrose.谓语为不及物动询2 .主谓+调谱+状谱一S+Vi+A-1Mybrotherrunsfast.3 .主语+谓语+宾语-S+V+OTornboughtanewbook.4 .主语+涧语+宾语+状语Sheplaysthepianovcr>well.5 .主语+谓语+双宾语.主谓+谓谙+间接宾谱+直接宾谱S+V+IO+DO.主谓+谓谓+直接宾谙+tofbr+间接宾语S+V+DO+to/for+lOIhaveboughtyouabook.Ihaveboughtabookforyou.6 .主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语一S+V+0+CTheteachermadeuslaugh.7 .主语+系动词+表语一S+V+PHeisastudent.8 .therebe句型!"hereisacomputerintheroom.小练第：判断下列句子的结构I.I1ofuslaughed!1.1 couldn'tconcentrateontheexperiment.3. TheclasswasdiiYicult.4. Everyonelaughedsomuch!5. Wehadourchemistryclassinthesciencelab.6. HeeventoldUSafunnystor).6.1 foundmostof11yclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.8.ThcrvKaloltoexploreatseniorhigh.rV1i-Homework一、标出下列句子的句子成分I.Theplaywasveryinteresting.1.1 can*thearaword.3 .Theyweretalkingloudly.4 .EveryyearMountaiattractstouristsfromallovertheworld.5 .Shemakeshermotherangry.二、中译英6 .我喜欢爬山。7 .我妈妈鼓励我尝试不同种类的食物CK-那个女孩开心地笑了9 .你的建议听起来很棒，10 .昨天我存了一本书.11 .教授给我们做了一个讲座,12 .冰箱里有5个苹果和一块蛋秩.13 .桌子上有一本书。三、用所给词的适当形式填空14 .The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample.(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumwhichopenedin1759.<2020新高考I卷)15 .!tcouldbeanythinggardening,cooking,music,sportsbutwhateveritis,(make)sureit'stherelieffromdailystress.