美国名人作家海明威2.docx

美国名人作家海明威2ErnestHemingwayz1899-1961:OneoftheMostFamousWritersofthe20thCenturyplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:43repeatByRichardThorman2008-3-15VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmDougJohnsonwithPeopleinAmerica,aprogramaboutpeoplewhoareimportantinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.TodaywepresentthesecondpartofthestoryofErnestHemingway'slifeandwritings.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Attwenty-five,HemingwaywaslivinginParis.Hewasafamouswriter.Buttheendofhisfirstmarriagemadehimwanttoleavetheplacewherehehadfirstbecomefamous.Yearslaterhesaid:"Thecitywasnevertobethesameagain.WhenIreturnedtoit,IfoundithadchangedasIhadchanged.PariswasneverthesameaswhenIwaspoorandveryhappy."VOICETWO:ErnestHemingwayfishingnearKeyWest,Foridain1928HemingwayandhisnewwifereturnedtotheUnitedStatesinnineteentwenty-eight.TheysettledinKeyWest,anislandwithafishingportnearthesoutherncoastofFlorida.BeforeleavingParis,HemingwaysentacollectionofhisstoriestoNewYorktobepublished.Thebookofstories,called"MenWithoutWomen/'waspublishedsoonafterHemingwayarrivedinKeyWest.Oneofthestorieswascalled"TheKillers."Init,Hemingwayusedadiscussionbetweentwomentocreateafeelingoftensionandcomingviolence.ThiswasanewmethodoftellingastorySTORYTELLER:Nickopenedthedoorandwentintotheroom.OleAndresonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.Hehadbeenaheavyweightprizefighterandhewastoolongforthebed.Helaywithhisheadontwopillows.HedidnotlookatNick."Whatwasit?"heasked."IwasupatHenry's,"Nicksaid,"andtwofellowscameinandtiedmeupandthecook,andtheysaidtheyweregoingtokillyou."Itsoundedsillywhenhesaidit.OleAndresonsaidnothing."Theyputusoutinthekitchen,"Nickwenton."Theyweregoingtoshootyouwhenyoucameintosupper."OleAndresonlookedatthewallanddidnotsayanything."GeorgethoughtIoughttocomeandtellyouaboutit.""Thereisn'tanythingIcandoaboutit/'OleAndresonsaid.VOICEONE:AnynewbookbyHemingwaywasanimportanteventforreaders.Butstorieslike"TheKillers"shockedmanypeople.Somethoughttherewastoomuchviolenceinhisstories.Otherssaidheonlywroteaboutgunmen,soldiers,fightersanddrinkers.ThiskindofcriticismmadeHemingwayangry.Hefeltthatwritersshouldnotbejudgedbythosewhocouldnotwriteastory.VOICETWO:HemingwaywashappyinKeyWest.Inthemorninghewrote,intheafternoonhefished,andatnighthewenttoapublichouseanddrank.Oneoldfishermansaid:"Hemingwaywasamanwhotalkedslowlyandverycarefully.Heaskedalotofquestions.Andhealwayswantedtogethisinformationexactlyright."HemingwayandhiswifePaulinehadachildinKeyWest.Soonafterwardheheardthathisfatherhadkilledhimself.Hemingwaywasshocked.Hesaid:"Myfathertaughtmesomuch.HewastheonlyoneIreallycaredabout.,WhenHemingwayreturnedtoworktherewasasadnessabouthiswritingthatwasnottherebefore.HisnewbooktoldaboutanAmericansoldierwhoservedwiththeItalianarmyduringWorldWarOne.HemeetsanEnglishnurseandtheyfallinlove.Theyfleefromthearmy,butshediesduringchildbirth.SomeoftheeventsaretakenfromHemingway'sserviceinItaly.Thebookiscalled"AFarewelltoArms."PartofthebooktalksaboutthedefeatoftheItalianarmyataplacecalledCaporetto.STORYTELLER:"Atnoonwewerestuckinamuddyroadaboutasnearlyaswecouldfigure,tenkilometresfromUdine.Therainhadstoppedduringtheforenoonandthreetimeswehadheardplanescoming,seenthempassoverhead,watchedthemgofartotheleftandheardthembombingonthemainhighroad."Laterwewereonaroadthatledtoariver.Therewasalonglineofabandonedtrucksandcartsonaroadleadinguptoabridge.Noonewasinsight.Theriverwashighandthebridgehadbeenblownupinthecenter;thestonearchwasfallenintotheriverandthebrownwaterwasgoingoverit.Wewentupthebanklookingforaplacetocross.Wedidnotseeanytroops;onlyabandonedtrucksandstores.Alongtheriverbankwasnothingandnoonebutthewetbrushandmuddyground."VOICEONE:"AFarewelltoArms"wasverysuccessful.ItearnedHemingwayagreatdealofmoney.Anditpermittedhimtotravel.OneplacehevisitedwasSpain,acountrythatheloved.Hesaid:"IwanttopaintwithwordsallthesightsandsoundsandsmellsofSpain.AndifIcanwriteanyofitdowntruly,thenitwillrepresentallofSpain."Abookcalled"DeathintheAfternoon"wastheresult.ItdescribestheSpanishtraditionofbullfighting.Hemingwaybelievedthatbullfightingwasanart,justasmuchaswritingwasanart.Andhebelieveditwasatruetestofaman'sbravery,somethingthatalwaysconcernedhim.VOICETWO:ErnestHemingwayhuntinginAfrica,1934HemingwayalsotraveledtoAfrica.HehadbeenaskedtowriteaseriesofreportsaboutAfricanhunting.Hesaid:"HuntinginAfricaisthekindofhuntingIlike.Noridingincars,justsimplewalkingandfeelingthegrassundermyfeet."ThetriptoAfricaresultedinabookcalled"TheGreenHillsofAfrica"andanumberofstories.OnestoryisamongHemingway'sbest.Hesaidawritersavessomestoriestowritewhenheknowsenoughtowritethemwell.Thestoryiscalled"TheSnowsofKilimanjaro,"IttellsofHemingway'sfearsabouthimself.Itisaboutawriterwhobetrayshisartformoneyandisunabletoremaintruetohimself.VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty-six,theCivilWarinSpaingavehimachancetoreturntoSpainandtesthisbraveryagain.HeagreedtowriteaboutthewarforanAmericannewsorganization.Itwasadangerousjob.Oneda½Hemingwayandtwootherreportersweredrivingacarnearaba