2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修第三册Unit2 Making a difference单元考点突破学案.docx

名师原创：Unit2单元考点突破词汇精讲1. contributionn.捐款；捐献物；贡献；稿件；作品【原句再现】.Talkaboutthecontributionthesepeoplemadetosociety.【词块积累】contributevt.&vi.捐助；捐献；贡献；造成/促使(某事发生)；投(稿)；撰(稿)contributorn捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素contribute(sth)tosth对.奉献.contribute(money)totheRedCross向红十字会捐钱contributeto对做出贡献，对.起作用【精品例句】Itwasgenerousofhertocontributesuchalargesumofmoney.她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱Henevercontributes(ideas)tothediscussion.他在讨论时从不发表意见Alcoholcontributesto100,000deathsayearintheUS.在美国，酒精每年造成10万人死亡Stressisacontributingfactorinmanyillnesses.压力是诸多疾病的致病因素Shecontributedanumberofarticlestothemagazine.她给这家杂志撰写了许多文章Igaveacontributionof$100to/towardthechurch.我给教堂捐了100美元Thisisamagazinewithcontributionsfromwell-knowntravelwriters.这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。【高考链接】IadmireEdisonalotbecauseofhisgreatcontributiontheWOiid.(湖南卷)(to/toward)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式ImmigrantshavecontributedtheBritishcultureinmanyways,(to/toward)2. reliefn.减轻，缓解【原句再现】Theamountofreliefandcomfortexperiencedbythesickaftertheskinhasbeencarefullywashedanddried,isoneofthecommonestobservationsmadeatasickbed.【词块积累】relievevt.使减轻，使解除(痛苦/忧愁)toone,srelief令人宽慰的是/令人释怀的是inrelief如释负重,松了口气【精品例句】Toourgreatrelief,theaccidentcausedlittledamage.令我们宽慰的是，事故造成的损失很小Thedoctorsaiditwasonlyaslightwound.Whatarelief.医生说，只是轻伤，谢天谢地Thosewhosufferfromheadachewillfindtheygetrelieffromthismedicine.那些饱受头疼折磨的将会发现使用这些药物可以缓解疼痛Hearingthathehadpassedtheexam,hesighedinrelief.听说自己通过了考试，他松了口气IfeltgreatreliefwhenIheardIhadpassedtheexamination.当我听说我考试通过的时候，我感到轻松多了Itwasarelieftobeabletotalktosomeoneaboutit.能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了【高考链接】Don'tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.(江苏卷)!lltellDadthere,snothingserious.A.WhatareliefB.CongratulationsC.HowsurprisingD.msorry（八）【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Muchherrelief,shesawthedooropen.(to)Shelongedforsomethingto(reliethetirednessofeverydaylife,(relieve)3. shortagen.短缺，不足，缺乏【原句再现】Freshwatershortagelessthan1,OOOm3capitayear【词块积累】shortadj.短的；不足的；矮的，低的shorts短裤ShOrtenVt.使变短，缩短；反义词是：Iengthenshortlyadv.立刻，不久shortlyafter后不久shortcomingn.缺点，短处overcomeshortcomings克月艮缺点inShort总之，简言之cut/makealongstoryshort长话短说food/water/housingshortage.食物/用/住房短缺beshortfor是简称，缩写beshortof缺少【精品例句】HeistooshorttobecomeabasketballPIayer.他太矮，当不了篮球运动员Thebusstopisashortwayoff.公交站离这里不远HisanswerwasshortandtothePOint.他的回答简明切题UNisshortforUnitedNations.UN是UnitedNations的缩写Heisshortoffundsrightnow.他目前缺资金Thereportseemedtobeshortoffacts.这个报告似乎缺乏事实依据Inshort,Iwilldomybesttohelpmakethesportsmeetingasuccess.总之，我会尽力促成此次运动会的成功Toovercomeashortageofmedicalstaff,10doctorshavebeenemployedfromoverseas.为解决医务人员不足问题，已从海外聘请了十名医生Smokingshortensyourlife.吸烟会减寿Hefinishedadifficulttaskonhisownshortlyafterheenteredthecompany.他进公司后不久就独立完成了一项艰巨任务【高考链接】Whydidn,tyoubuythecamerayouhadlongedfor?Ihadplannedto,butIwas£50A.fewerB.lessC.cheapD.short(D)TheshopkeepergaveUSweightwegot9kilosinsteadof10kilos.A.scarceB.shortC.lightD.slight(B)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式WHOisshortWorldHealthOrganization,whichisdevotedtohelpingimprovetheworld'shealthcondition.Butnowitisshortenoughexperiencedmedicalworkers.Anditalsofindstheoffreshwatermadethelivingconditionsworseinsomecountries.(for;of;shortage)4. effectiveadj.有效的；生效的【原句再现】NowtickthesolutionsthatyouthinkaremosteffectivetosupplyAfricawithfreshwater.【词块积累】effectn.结果；效力；作用；影响effectivelyadv有效地efficiency效率;效能greenhouseeffect温室效应bring/put.,intoeffect实施;实行ineffect在实施中;有效takeeffectivemeasures/steps采取有效措施takeeffect,相当于ComeintoeffeCt生效；起作用【精品例句】Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld.全球变暖正在对世界上数百种动植物物种产生重大影响Somelawsfromtheeighteenthcenturyarestillineffect.一些18世纪的法律至今仍然有效Thesemeasuresarejustbeginningtotakeeffect.这些措施刚开始见效【高考链接】ThemoreIunderstoodfish,themoreIbecame(effect)atfindingandcatchingthem.(广东卷)(effective)Ifyoucanfindwhateverlearningmethodsuitsyou,yourlearning(effective)islikelytoimprovegreatly.(上海课改卷)(efficiency)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Itisuncertainwhatside(effectively)themedicinewillbringabout,(effect)5. earnvt.挣(钱)；赚得，挣得；博得；.赢得【原句再现】Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.【词块积累】earnings薪水，工资earnascholarship获得奖学金earnanincome/afortune挣收入/大钱earnmoney=makemoney挣钱earnone's/aliving谋生earnone'sfame/areputation赢得名声【精品例句】Heearnedpraiseforhonesty.他因诚实而赢得了赞扬Rentingyourhouseoutasa“filmset“couldearnyouhundredsofpoundsaday.把房子租出去作为拍摄背景一天能挣几百英镑Heearnsa/hislivingbydoingoddjobs.他靠打零工谋生Howmuchdoesacookearninyourcountry?在你们国家，一位厨师能挣多少钱？IwanttoearnalotofmoneywhenIgrowup.长大后，我想挣大钱Heworkshard,buthedoesnotearnmuchmoney.他工作很努力，但钱赚得不多【高考链接】Youareoldenoughtoyourownliving.(辽宁卷)A.winB.gainC.takeD.earn(D)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Howdoessheearn(she)livingaftersheleftherfamily?(her)He(earn)agoodreputationasateachersincehegraduated,(hasearned)6. undercontrol在控制中；情况正常【原句再现】.it'sthebestsm