机械设计理论--中英文翻译.docx

英文资料翻译MechanicalDesignTheoryMachinedesigntheoryThemachinedesignisthroughdesignsthenewproductorimprovestheoldproducttomeetthehumanneedtheapplicationtechnicalscience.Itinvolvestheprojecttechnologyeachdomain,mainlystudiestheproductthesize,theshapeandthedetailedstructurebasicidea,butalsomuststudytheproductthepersonnelwhichinaspecttheandsoonmanufacture,saleandusequestion.Carriesoneachkindofmachinedesignworktobeusuallycalleddesignsthepersonnelormachinedesignengineer.Themachinedesignisacreativework.Projectengineernotonlymusthavethecreativityinthework,butalsomustinaspectandsoonmechanicaldrawing,kinematics,engineeringmaterial,materialsmechanicsandmachinemanufacturetechnologyhasthedeepelementaryknowledge.Iffrontsues,themachinedesigngoalistheproductioncanmeetthehumanneedtheproduct.Theinvention,thediscoveryandtechnicalknowledgeitselfcertainlynotnecessarilycanbringtheadvantagetothehumanity,onlyhaswhentheyareappliedcanproduceontheproductthebenefit.Thus,shouldrealizetocarriesonbeforethedesigninaspecificproduct,mustfirstdeterminewhetherthepeopledoneedthiskindofproductMustregardasthemachinedesignisthemachinedesignpersonnelcarriesonusingcreativeabilitytheproductdesign,thesystemanalysisandaformulationproductmanufacturetechnologygoodopportunity.Graspstheprojectelementaryknowledgetohavetomemorizesomedataandtheformulaismoreimportantthan.Themerelyservicedataandtheformulaisinsufficienttothecompletelydecisionwhichmakesinagooddesignneeds.Ontheotherhand,shouldbeearnestpreciselycarriesonalloperations.Forexample,evenifplaceswrongadecimalpointposition,alsocancausethecorrectdesigntoturnwrongly.Agooddesignpersonnelshoulddaretoproposethenewidea,moreoveriswillingtoundertakethecertainrisk,whenthenewmethodisnotsuitable,useoriginalmethod.Therefore,designsthepersonneltohavetohavetohavethepatience,becausespendsthetimeandtheendeavorcertainlycannotguaranteebringssuccessfully.Abrand-newdesign,therequestscreenabandonsobsoletelymany,knowsverywellthemethodforthepeople.Becausemanypersonofconservativeness,doesthiscertainlyisnotaneasymatter.Amechanicaldesignershouldunceasinglyexploretheimprovementexistingproductthemethod,shouldearnestlychooseoriginally,theprocessconfirmationprincipleofdesigninthisprocess,withhasnotunifieditaftertheconfirmationnewidea.Newlydesignsitselfcanhavethequestionoccurrencewhichmanyflawsandhasnotbeenabletoexpect,onlyhasaftertheseflawsandthequestionaresolved,canmanifestnewgoodscomeintothemarkettheproductsuperiority.Therefore,aperformancesuperiorproductisbornatthesametime,alsoisfollowingahigherrisk.Shouldemphasize,ifdesignsitselfdoesnotrequesttousethebrand-newmethod,isnotunnecessarymerelyforthegoalwhichtransformtousethenewmethod.Inthedesignpreliminarystage,shouldallowtodesignthepersonnelfullytodisplaythecreativity,noteachkindofrestraint.Evenifhashadmanyimpracticalideas,alsocaninthedesignearlytime,namelyinfrontoftheplanblueprintiscorrected.Onlythen,onlythendoesnotsendtostopsuptheinnovationthementality.Usually,mustproposeseveralsetsofdesignproposals,thenperformthecomparison.Hasthepossibilityverymuchintheplanwhichfinallydesignated,hasusedcertainnotinplansomeideaswhichaccepts.Howdoesthepsychologistfrequentlydiscusscausesthemachinewhichthepeopleadaptsthemtooperate.Designspersonne,sbasicresponsibilityisdiligentlycausesthemachinetoadaptthepeople.Thiscertainlyisnotaneasywork,becausecertainlydoesnothavetoallpeopletosayinfactallisthemostsuperioroperatingareaandtheoperatingprocess.Anotherimportantquestion,projectengineermustbeabletocarryontheexchangeandtheconsultationwithotherconcernedpersonnel.Intheinitialstage,designsthepersonneltohavetocarryontheexchangeandtheconsultationonthepreliminarydesignwiththeadministrativepersonnel,andisapproved.Thisgenerallyisthroughtheoraldiscussion,theschematicdiagramandthewritingmaterialcarrieson.Inordertocarryontheeffectiveexchange,needstosolvethefollowingproblem:(1) designswhetherthisproducttrulydoesneedforthepeople?Whetherthereiscompetitiveability(2) doesthisproductcomparewithothercompanies"existingsimilarproducts?(3) producesthiskindofproductiswhethereconomical?(4) productserviceiswhetherconvenient?(5) productwhetherthereissale?Whethermaygain?Onlyhasthetimetobeabletoproducethecorrectanswertoabovequestion.But,theproductdesign,themanufactureandthesaleonlycanincarryontotheabovequestionpreliminaryaffirmationanswerfoundationin.Projectengineeralsoshouldthroughthedetaildrawingandtheassemblydrawing,carriesontheconsultationtogetherwiththebranchofmanufacturetothefinallydesignproposal.Usually,canhavesomeprobleminthemanufactureprocess.Possiblycanrequesttosomecomponentssizeorthecommondifferencemakessomechanges,causesthecomponentstheproductiontochangeeasily.But,intheprojectchangemusthavetopassthroughdesignsthepersonneltoauthorize,guaranteedcannotdamagetheproductthefunction.Sometimes,wheninfrontofproductassemblyorinthepackingforeignshipmentexperimentonlythendiscoversinthedesignsomekindofflaw.Theseinstancesexactlyshowedthedesignisadynamicprocess.Alwayshasabettermethodtocompletethedesignwo