河南龙门石窟景点介绍中文及英文.docx

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1、河南龙门石窟景点介绍中文及英文中文版龙门石窟位于河南省洛阳市，是世界上造像最多、规模最大的石刻艺术宝库，被联合国科教文组织评为“中国石刻艺术的最高峰，位居中国各大石窟之首，现为世界文化遗产、全国重点文物保护单位、国家5A级旅游景区。龙门由大禹治水中所开凿，鱼跃龙门的传说亦发生于此，其石窟则始凿于北魏孝文帝年间，盛于唐，终于清末，历经10多个朝代陆续营造长达1400余年，是世界上营造时间最长的石窟，建造时采用了大量彩绘，今多已褪色，密布于伊水东西两山的峭壁上，南北长达1公里，现存洞窟像龛2345个，造像11万余尊，与莫高窟、云冈石窟并称中国三大石窟，后加麦积山石窟称四大石窟。龙门石窟造像多为皇家

2、贵族所建，是世界上绝无仅有的皇家石窟，武则天根据自己的容貌仪态雕刻的卢舍那大佛，以及在洛阳皇宫紫微城建天堂的消息传入日本后，圣武天皇发愿“朕亦奉造，在奈良建立东大寺，另有孝文帝为冯太后凿古阳洞、兰陵王孙于万佛洞造像、李泰为长孙皇后造宾阳南洞、韦贵妃凿敬善寺、高力士为唐玄宗造无量寿佛等。龙门石窟使石窟艺术呈现出了中国化的趋势，是中国石窟艺术的“里程碑，又经历天竺、新罗、吐火罗、康国等国家营造，发现有欧洲纹样、古希腊石柱等，堪称全世界国际化水平最高的石窟。英文版1.ongmenGrottoeszlocatedinLuoyang,HenanProvince,isthetreasurehouseofs

3、tonecarvingsartwiththelargestnumberofstatuesintheworld.IthasbeenratedasthehigheststonecarvingsartinChinabytheUnitedNationsScientificandEducationalOrganizationandranksthefirstamongthemajorgrottoesinChina.ItisnowaworldculturalHeritage,anationalkeyculturalrelicprotectionunitandanational5Atouristattract

4、ion.ThegrottoeswerefirstduginthereignofEmperorXiaofenoftheNorthernWeiDynasty,andweredevelopedintheTangDynastyuntiltheendoftheQingDynasty.Thegrottoeshavebeencontinuouslyconstructedformorethan1,400yearsaftermorethan10dynasties,makingthemthelongestgrottoesintheworld.Alargenumberofcoloredpaintingswereus

5、edintheconstruction,butmostofthemhavefadedandaredenselyscatteredonthecliffsoftheeastandwestmountainsofYishanRiver.Withalengthof1kmfromnorthtosouth,thereare2,345cavenichesandmorethan110,000statues,whichtogetherwithMogaoGrottoesandYungangGrottoesareknownasthethreelargestgrottoesinChina,andHoujiamejish

6、anGrottoesareknownasthefourlargestgrottoes.ThestatuesinLongmenGrottoesweremostlybuiltbytheroyalfamilyandaretheonlyroyalgrottoesintheworld.AfterthenewsoftheLushenaBuddhacarvedbyEmpressWuZetianaccordingtoherownappearanceandtheparadisebuiltinZiweiCityofLuoyangImperialPalacespreadtoJapan,EmperorSungwuma

7、deavowtoIshallalsobuilditandsetupTodaijiTempleinNara.Inaddition,EmperorXiaowenmadeGuyangCaveforEmpressDowagerFeng,KingSunofLanlingmadeastatueintheCaveofTenthousandBuddhaszLiTaimadeBinyangSouthCaveforEmpressChangsunzPrincessWeimadeJingshanTemplezandGaoLimadeinfinitelongevityBuddhaforXuanzongofTangDyn

8、asty.1.ongmenGrottoespresentsthetrendofSinicizationofgrottoesart,whichisamilestoneofChinesegrottoesart.IthasalsoexperiencedtheconstructionofTianzhuzShilla,Tohuaro,Kangguoandothercountries,andfoundEuropeanpatternsandancientGreekstonecolumns,whichcanbecalledthehighestlevelofinternationalizationofgrottoesintheworld.