存在主义与虚无主义.docx

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1、MasksandcharactersdepriveusofourtrueselvesHowcanweproveourexistence?TheNatureofHumanNothingnessHumanbeingsfallintoanihilisticstatefromthemomentofbirth.Idefinethissituationasthenaturalawakeningofhumannihility.Thisisbecausetheemergenceofindividualhumanbeingsinthisworldisonlyanaturalresultofthecontinua

2、tionofspecies.Thenaturewillburnthemostprimitivedesireinourinspirationandlethumanscontinuetopassongenesthroughthisway.Inthisprocess,naturedoesnotgiveeachindividualthemeaningandgoalofsurvival(Baiasu,2019).Thatistosay,inthestateofnaturalstructure,thehumanindividual,likeeveryflowerandgrass,appearsinacer

3、tainregionbychance.Theselivesevenunconsciouslycarryoutsomeactivities,andunconsciouslymovetowardsdeath.It,slikefishswimmingandhuntinginthewater,buttheydontknowwhytheyswiminthewatereveryday.Theappletreewillblossominspringandbearfruitinautumn,buttheappletreedoesnotknowwhyitshoulddotheseactivitiesrepeat

4、edly.Thisstateisanihilisticstate.Itshouldbeemphasizedthatnothingnessisnotthatthereisnothingoranything,butthatallthingsandthingshavenomeaningforindividualsorthesurroundingenvironment(Broudy,2010).Naturetreatspeopleandothercreaturesequally,sothattheyarebornintoastateofnihilityasawhole.Thisstateseemsto

5、bearrangedbysomekindofforce,andallcreaturesfollowthesequenceandgoroundandround.PeopleusedtocallthispowerGod,andsomepeopleeventhoughtthattherewassomeself-consciousnessontheearthtocontrolandadjust.Butinshort,thispowerdoesnotgivemeaningtothelifeprocessandmakesthemfallintonothingness.However,unlikeother

6、creatures,humanbeingsaremorelikelytohaveself-awareness.Thiskindofself-awarenesswillguidepeopletorecognizethemselvesandothermembersofthesociety,andthinkabouttheirownbehaviorandthesignificanceoftheirexistence.InSartre,sview,thenihilityinwhichhumanbeingslivewillmakepeoplehaveasenseoffreedom,andthissens

7、eoffreedomwillinsteadincreasehumansuffering.Thisisbecausehumanfreedomconsciousnessliesinthenaturalconfrontationofhumannihility.Humanfreedomconsciousnesshopestoleadhumanbeingstoescapefromthepainofnothingnessthroughideologicalstructure,includingtheconstructionofgoalsandvisions,sothathumanlifehasmeanin

8、g.However,humanphysicalconditionsareendowedbynature,includinghumanintelligence,physicalabilityandphysicalconditions(Serpil,2015).Theconstructionofhumanfreedomconsciousnessandbehaviorrunscountertothephysicalconditionsendowedbyhumannature.Eventually,humanswillexperiencedisillusionmentandotherpain.Huma

9、nmaskandthemeaningoflifeTheexistenceofhumanbeingsisobjective,andtheywillbedoomedtodiefromthemomenttheyareborn,justaseverylifewillhaveitsend.Manisapartoftheobjectiveworld,sohisexistenceisbasedontheobjectivelawoflife,whichisalsotherequirementofhumannature.Birthanddeathareuncontrollablebyhumanbeingsthe

10、mselves,andnaturedoesnotendowthemwithactivitiesandmeaningsthatshouldbepossessedintheattackofbirthanddeath.AsshowninthemovieMylinerwithAndre.TheconservativescreenwriterwhohaddinnerwithAndrehadaregularlifeeveryday.Hedidaregularjobeveryday.Thesamepaceandcontentoflifemadehimverycalmeveryday(Bao,2015).Th

11、isalsomadehimunknownandaccomplishednothinginthesociety.BeforeencounteringAndre,theconservativescreenwriterdidnotseemtohavethoughtaboutthemeaningofdailylife.Henaturallyacceptedthedailyfixedlifepattern,andwasnotevenwillingtobreaktheregularlifethroughhisownfreeconsciousness.Or,theconservativescreenwrit

12、erdidnotusehisownsenseofautonomytoredesignhislife.Thelifeofascreenwriterispeacefulandstable.,Thiswayoflifecankeeplifesafeuntiltheendoflife.However,thiskindofcontinuationseemsmeaningless(Thomas,2010).Inotherwords,theendofthislifeatanymomentwillnothavemoreimpactonsocietyorlifeitself.Thisconservativesc

13、reenwriterslifeandlifeareobjective.Hemayrepresentapartofthecrowd.Theobjectivelifeofthesepeoplehasnotbroughtanymeaningorvaluetotheirlives.Theirlivesfellintothenihilitydilemmaconstructedbyhumannature.Theyarelikeflowersnooneappreciatesorappletreesnoonepicks.Theydontknowwhatthecycleoflifeisfor,buttheysh

14、ouldquietlycooperatewithallthis.Idon,tagreewithSartre,sviewthattheexertionofpeople,sself-consciousnesswillbringpeoplepaininstead(Li,1989).Althoughthedevelopmentofhumanfreedomconsciousnessviolateshumannaturetoacertainextent.Human,sconsciousnessoffreedomisformedintheprocessofhumanevolutiontothinkabout

15、selfandthemeaningofothersocialmembersandsocialbehavior.Thisisformedbyhumanbeingsengaginginsocialactivitiesandcarryingouteconomicandsociallifeactivities.Wecancallithumansociality.Atthesametime,thesocietywillgiveusdifferentroles,andwemustassumethesocialresponsibilitiesgivenbymasksandroles,whichrevealo

16、urdifferentselves.Butmasksandcharactersdepriveusofourtrueidentity,becausewewillhavetoenduresocialroles.Forexample,asaChinese,myrolemustcontributetothedevelopmentofthecountryandthenation.Thisroleismeaningfulforthecountry,butitismeaninglessformepersonally.ThisisalsotheprocessthatIbegantolosemytrueselfasaperson.Weliveaccordingtotherolessetbysociety.Webecomedoctors,lawyers,accountantsandentrepreneurstofulfillthesuccessfulroledefinedbysociety.Inlife,Ineedtoplaytheroleoffatherorh