ANSI-B92.1-1970(R1993)-SAE美国渐开线花键-中文翻译完整版.docx
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1、SPLINESANDSERRATIONSAsplinedshaftisonehavingaseriesofparallelkeysformedintegrallywiththeshaftandmatingwithcorrespondinggroovescutinahuborfitting;thisarrangementisincontrasttoashafthavingaseriesofkeysorfeathersfittedintoslotscutintotheshaft.Thelatterconstructionweakenstheshafttoaconsiderabledegreebec
2、auseoftheslotscutintoitandconsequently,reducesitstorque-transmittingcapacity.花键轴是一种具有“一系列相互平行的齿、并且齿与轴整体成型”的轴,它与在轮毂上或者装配体上开的键槽相配合。这种装置与“在轴上开槽并且与一组销子或者楔键相配合”的结构相反。后者的结构由于在轴上开槽大大降低了轴(的强度),降低了传递扭矩的能力。Splinedshaftsaremostgenerallyusedinthreetypesofapplications:1)forcouplingshaftswhenrelativelyheavytorque
3、saretobetransmittedwithoutslippage;2)fortransmittingpowertoslidably-mountedorpermanently-fixedgears,pulleys,andotherrotatingmembers;and3)forattachingpartsthatmayrequireremovalforindexingorchangeinangularposition.花键轴主要用在以下三种情况:1)需要在无滑动的联轴器上传递大的扭矩;2)用于向“可滑动的装配组件”或者“固定装配的齿轮组或滑轮副”传递动力,3)用于“要求指定滑移量或转角位置”
4、的配件上。译注Al:“slidably-mounted”例如球笼式等速万向节,万向节同时能转动一定角度;ermancnUy-fixcdgears”例如齿轮变速箱。(凡是带“译注”的,表示洋者的理解,下同)Splineshavingstraight-sidedteethhavebeenusedinmanyapplications(seeSAEParallelSideSplinesforSoftBroachedHolesinFittings);however,theuseofsplineswithteethofinvoluteprofilehassteadilyincreasedsince1)in
5、volutesplinecouplingshavegreatertorque-transmittingcapacitythananyothertype;2)theycanbeproducedbythesametechniquesandequipmentasisusedtocutgears;and3)theyhaveaself-centeringactionunderloadevenwhenthereisbacklashbetweenmatingmembers.具有“直边式齿形”的花键已经适用于多种场合(清查看“用于软拉削加工成型的直边式花键”);然而,“齿侧具有渐开线形状的花键”的使用正在逐步
6、的增长,原因如下:1)渐开线花键传递扭矩的性能超过其他形式;2)可用加工齿轮的技术或设备来加工;3)在内齿和外齿配合情况下产生的反作用力具有自定心功能。译注A2:ParalldSideSplines”指的是矩形花键,文中翻译成“直边式花键”,见6GBII44矩形花锭尺寸、公差和检验;译注A3:oSAEParallelSideSplinesforSoftBroachedHolesinFittings,(指SAEJ499A,种类似GB/T1144的标准。InvoluteSplinesAmericanNationalStandardInvoluteSplines*.Thesesplinesormul
7、tiplekeysaresimilarinformtointernalandexternalinvolutegears.Thegeneralpracticeistoformtheexternalsplineseitherbyhobbing,rolling,oronagearshaper,andinternalsplineseitherbybroachingoronagearshaper.Theinternalsplineisheldtobasicdimensionsandtheexternalsplineisvariedtocontrolthefit.Involutesplineshavema
8、ximumstrengthatthebase,canbeaccuratelyspacedandareself-centering,thusequalizingthebearingandstresses,andtheycanbemeasuredandfittedaccurately.美国渐开线标准:这种花键的成型和齿轮的内外花键类似。通常的成型加工方法是外花键用滚铳刀、搓齿或插齿刀,内花键用拉削、齿轮插齿刀。内花键的尺寸是固定的,外花键根据不同的配合采用不同的尺寸。渐开线花键在近跟处有最大的强度,(键齿)能精确分布和自定心,这样就有相同的支撑力和应力,同时能准确地配合和测量。译注A4:内花键尺寸
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