美国总统30 赫伯特·胡佛.docx
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1、美国总统30赫伯特胡佛HerbertHoover:Blamedplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00repeatByKellyJeanKelly24September,2017VOALearningEnglishpresentsAmericasPresidents.TodaywearetalkingaboutHerbertHoover.Hetookofficein1929.HerbertHooverHooverwaspresidentfortheearlyyearsofwhatAmericanscalltheGreatDepression.Duringthoseyears,the
2、UnitedStateseconomyslidintoasevererecession.Manybanksandbusinessesfailed.Attimes,nearlyoneinfourpeopleintheU.S.workforcewereunemployed.Millionsofpeoplelosttheirhomesandsavings.Hooverdidnotcausethedepression.Theconditionshadbeeninplacebeforehetookoffice.ButmanyAmericansblamedHooverfortheirsuffering.T
3、heybelievedhepermittedtheeconomiccrisistocontinue-andevendeepen-duringhistimeinoffice.EarlylifeHerbertHooverwasborninasmallhouseinthestateofIowa.HisparentswereQuakers.Theirreligionvaluedsimplicity,hardwork,equalityamongpeople,andpeacefulresolutionofconflict.Hooverandhisbrotherandsisterwereinfluenced
4、bythesebeliefs,evenaftertheirparentsdied.BythetimeyoungHerbertHooverwasnine,hewasanorphan.HemovedtothestateofOregon,inthePacificNorthwest,andlivedwithanuncle.Hooverdidnotthriveinthatsituation.Reportssaythatheusuallykepttohimself.Andhedidnotdoparticularlywellinschool.YetoneofficialfromStanfordUnivers
5、itylikedwhathesawintheyoungman-hardworkandadesiretolearnnewthings.Atthetime,StanfordUniversitywasjustgettingestablished.ItadmittedHooverintoitsfirstclass.HooverhadtoworkhardatStanford,bothinclassandtoearnmoneytopaytuition.Buttheexperiencebroughtmanybenefits.Hooverstudiedgeology,andwentontoworkasamin
6、ingengineer.ThejobledtopositionsinAustralia,Chinaandotherpartsoftheworld.Hebecameaninternationally-knownexpertonmining.Healsowrotealeadingtextbookonmining.Theseexperiences,alongwithgoodbusinessinvestments,ledtogreatwealthforHoover.1.ouHenryHooverhadagiftforlanguages.Shelearnedasmanyaseight-including
7、Mandarin-duringhertravelswithherhusband.AtStanford,healsometthewomanwhowouldbecomehiswife.HernamewasLouHenry.ShewasthefirstwomanfromStanfordtocompleteastudyprogramwithadegreeingeology.TheHooverswentontohavetwosons.HumanitarianworkDuringWorldWarI,theHooversliveschangeddramatically.Thefamilywaslivingi
8、nLondonwhenthewarbegan.U.S.governmentofficialsaskedHoovertoorganizeanevacuationeffortforAmericantouristswhowereinEurope.Inonlyafewweeks,Hooverscommitteesucceeded.1.ater,hehelpedgetfoodandsuppliestopeopleinBelgium.Asaresult,Hooverearnedapublicimageasasmart,skilledhumanitarian.WhentheUnitedStatesenter
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