美国总统3 托马斯杰斐逊.docx
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1、美国总统3托马斯杰斐逊ThomasJefferson:AComplexCharacterVOALearningEnglishpresentsAmericasPresidents.TodaywearetalkingaboutThomasJefferson.Althoughhetookofficein1801zheisstilloneofthecountrysbest-knownandmostpopularpresidents.YoucanseeamemorialhonoringhiminWashington,DC.TheThomasJeffersonstatueintheJeffersonMem
2、orialontheTidalBasininWashington,April6z1999Jeffersonisoftenlinkedtothecountry,shistoryofself-government,separationofchurchandstate,andpubliceducation.Overtime,JeffersonzSnamealsobecamelinkedtothecontinuationofslaveryuntiltheCivilWar,andtothelossoflandforNativeAmericans.FoundingfatherJeffersonwasbor
3、nin1743andgrewupinthehillsandlowmountainsofVirginia.Hisfamily,swealthenabledhimtogetanexcellenteducation.Jeffersonalsolearnedtoridehorses,danceandexplorethenaturalworld.Inthe1770s,JeffersonsupportedtheAmericanRevolutionagainstBritain.HeisprobablymostfamousforbeingtheleadwriteroftheDeclarationofIndep
4、endence.Jeffersonwentontoholdmanypositionsinthecountrysnewstateandnationalgovernments.HeservedasgovernorofVirginia,aministertoFrance,secretaryofstateforPresidentGeorqeWeshinqton,andthevicepresidentUnderPreSidentJoheAdams.VirginiaplanterandslaveownerJeffersonplayedanimportantpartinthecreationoftheU.S
5、.ButheoftenwrotetofriendsabouthowhemostwantedtoretirefrompublicserviceandreturntohishomeinVirginia.Inthe1760s,hedesignedahousetherethathecalledMonticello-thewordmeanslittlemountain7inItalian.About130slaveslivedonMonticeIIozSgroundsatanytime.TheyworkedinJeffersonzShome,farms,andonspecialprojects,such
6、asmakingcabinetsandnails.Jeffersonownedabout600slavesduringhislife.Yethesaidhedislikedslavery.HebelievedGodwouldjudgeslaveownersseverely.And,ofcourse,JeffersonhimselfwroteintheDeclarationofIndependenceallmenarecreatedequal“andhavetherighttoLife,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness/7YetJeffersondidnotuseh
7、ispoliticalpowertoendslavery.Heexpectedfuturegenerationswouldpermitslaverytoendslowlyacrossthecountry.JeffersonzSwordsandactionsonslaveryarecontradictory.ThisconflictisespeciallyevidentbecauseJeffersonlikelyhadalongrelationshipwithaslaveatMonticello.HernamewasSallyHemings.EvidencesuggeststhatJeffers
8、onwasthefatherofhersixchildrenofrecord.ThirdU.S.presidentIn1801zThomasJeffersonleftMonticellotobecomethethirdU.S.president.HisinaugurationwasthefirstheldinWashington,DC.Jefferson,sgovernmentwasabreakfromtheearlieradministrations.Thefirsttwopresidents,GeorgeWashingtonandJohnAdamszsupportedastrongfede
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