美国名人 黑人女作家 佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿.docx

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1、美国名人黑人女作家佐拉尼尔赫斯顿WriterZoraNealeHurstontoldAboutAfrican-AmericanLifeintheSouthplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-16:21repeatByCynthiaKirk2006-4-8(THEME)VOICEONE:mMaryTillotson.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPEOPLEINAMERICA.Today,wetellaboutwriterZoraNealeHurston.Shewasoneofthemostrecog

2、nizedblackwomenwriters.Shewrotesevenbooksandmorethanonehundredshortstories,playsandarticlesformagazines.(THEME)VOICEONE:ZoraNealeHurstonwasbornineighteenninety-oneinNotasulga,Alabama.Ashorttimelater;herfamilymovedtoEatonville,asmalltownincentralFlorida.AllofthepeopleofEatonvillewereAfrican-American.

3、ThetownshapedHurstonslifeandherwriting.Asachild,shewouldlistencloselytothestoriestoldbytheadultsinthetown.SeveralofherbookstakeplaceincommunitiesverysimilartoEatonville.Thepeopleshewroteaboutinherbooksareverysimilartopeoplesheknewthere.Zorawasbornatatimeofracialtensionsbetweenblacksandwhitesinthesou

4、thernUnitedStates.Butsheneverfeltangryaboutbeingblack.Inherstories,shedescribedEatonvilleasaplacewhereblackAmericanscouldliveastheypleased.ZoraNealeHurstonwasknownforherabilitytotellastory.Storytellingisanimportantpartofmanyculturaltraditions.African-Americanstorytellingisastrongfamilytraditionthatd

5、atesbackhundredsofyears.Itisawayforpeopletoestablishtheiridentitiesinoftenunfriendlyareasastheystruggletoholdtheircommunitiestogether.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ZoraNealeHurstonwasthefifthofeightchildren.Zorasmotherwasaschoolteacher.Herfatherwasabuilderandachurchpreacher.HealsobecamethemayorofEatonville.Zorasm

6、otherdiedinnineteen-oh-four,whenZorawasthirteenyearsold.HermothersdeathseverelyaffectedZoraslife.Shewasrejectedbyherfatherandhissecondwife.Zorawasforcedtotakecareofherself.SheleftEatonvilleandmovednorthwhenshewasfourteenyearsold.Sheworkedforatravelingtheatercompany.Shealsoworkedasamaid,cleaningtheho

7、mesofwhitepeople.OneofheremployersrecognizedZorasabilities.ShemadeitpossibleforhertoattendhighschoolinBaltimore,Maryland.Zorawastwenty-sixyearsoldwhenshebeganhighschool.Butshesaidshewasonlysixteen.Throughoutherlife,sheoftensaidshewasyoungerthanshereallywas.VOICEONE:Innineteeneighteen,ZoraNealeHursto

8、nattendedHowardUniversityinWashington,D.C.ShestudiedwithAlainLocke.Hewasaprofessorofphilosophyandanexpertonblackculture.Sheearnedmoneybyworkingasamaidanddoingotherwork.HurstonpublishedherfirstshortstoriesatHowardUniversity.HerstorieswereaboutblackfolkloreandlifeinEatonville.Shewonprizesforherwriting

9、sthatwerepublishedinnewspapersandmagazines.TheearlynineteentwentiesmarkedthebeginningofZoraNealeHurstonslifeasawriter.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Innineteentwenty-five,HurstontraveledtoNewYorkCity.ThiswasduringtheperiodknownastheHarlemRenaissance.HarlemisafamousareainNewYork.TheHarlemRenaissancewasaperiodinwhic

10、hblackartistsexploredtheircultureandshowedprideintheirrace.Thiswasexpressedinliterature,musicandotherartforms.HurstonandherstoriesaboutEatonvillebecameimportantduringtheHarlemRenaissance.Shemetotheryoungblackwritersofthetime,suchaspoetLangstonHughes.HurstonbecamethefirstblackstudenttoattendBarnardCo

11、llegeinNewYork.ShestudiedwithanthropologistFranzBoas.Shebecameinterestedinanthropology-thestudyoftheorigin,developmentandactionsofhumans.BoasrecognizedHurstonsstorytellingabilityanddeepinterestintheblackcultureoftheSouth.Heurgedhertodomoreresearchthere.VOICEONE:Hurstonreceivedfinancialsupportformost

12、ofherresearchfromawealthywomaninNewYorknamedCharlotteOsgoodMason.Duringthenextseveralyears,HurstontraveledinFloridaandtheCaribbeantocollectandwritestoriesaboutwhatshesaw.Shelearnedaboutthetraditionsofthepeopleshemet.Shespokewithmenandwomen,youngandold,collectingtheirstoriesintheirownwords.Shewantedt

13、okeepthelanguageexactlyastheytoldit.Manyofthestorieswerelikethoseshehadheardasachild.VOICETWO:Innineteenthirty-six,HurstontraveledtoJamaicaandHaitiwithafinancialawardfromtheGuggenheimFoundation.TheCaribbeanpeopleacceptedherasoneofthem.Theyspokewithherfreely,evenaboutreligioustraditions.InHaiti,shele

14、arnedagreatdealaboutthevoodooreligion.Hurstonpublishedtwoimportantcollectionsofstoriesbasedonherresearch.TheywereMulesandMenandTellMyHorse.Bothexaminedthevoodooreligion.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ZoraNealeHurstonpublishedherfirstbook,JonahsGourdVine/innineteenthirty-four.ThestorytakesplaceinasmallFloridatown.I

15、tisabouttwopeoplesimilartoherparents.Hersecondbook,TheirEyesWereWatchingGod,waspublishedthreeyearslater.Itiswidelyconsideredhermostimportantwork.ShewrotethebookinsevenweekswhileshewastravelinginHaiti.Itisthestoryofablackwomanssearchforhappinessandhertrueidentity,duringtwenty-fiveyearsandthreemarriag

16、es.Innineteenforty-two,Hurstonpublishedastoryaboutherownlife,calledDustTracksonaRoad.Butthebookwaswidelycriticized.Literaryexpertssaiditwasfulloffalseinformation.Otherssaiditaddedtothemysterysurroundingthewriter.HurstonslasttwonovelswerethebiblicalstoryMoses,ManoftheMountainandSeraphontheSuwanee.Thiswastheonlybookshewroteaboutwhitepeople.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ZoraNealeHurstonsstorieswereabou