特殊人群的营养价值.ppt

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1、 不同人群的营养不同人群的营养 Life Cycle Nutrition1.Nutrition During Pregnancy总体重增加总体重增加:1113kg胎儿胎儿:3.3kg胎盘、羊水：胎盘、羊水：1.5kg子宫：子宫：1.0kg血液：血液：1.2kg乳房：乳房：0.4kg细胞间液：细胞间液：1.5kg脂肪：脂肪：24kgRecommend Weight Gain During PregnancyThe nutritional needs of pregnancy Folic Acid and Vitamin BFolic Acid and Vitamin B1212:reticulo

2、cytes cells must be constantly replenished via new synthesis of DNA and RNA Maternal Malnutrition and Pregnancy OutcomenThe physiology of lactation2.Nutrition requirement on LactationMaternal Nutrient Needs during lactationRNIs of some element and vitamines3.Infant nutritionNutritional Qualities of

3、Human Milk Human milk is very different in composition from cows milk Unless altered,cows milk should not be used in infant feeding until the infant is 12 months old.Immune factor composition of colostrum and mature milkAdvantages of Breastfeeding母乳喂养幸福的源泉 每年的8月1日至7日 Introducing Solid Foods 幼儿营养与膳食幼

4、儿营养与膳食nutrition and dietary of preschool childrencharacteristics Newborn6 mo.12 mo.Increment1st year2nd year3rd yearNext 3y Weight(Kg)3.0696(200%)2.522Height(Cm)50667525(50%)10-127-87Head circumference34 461221.2 1cmBrain weight(g)3706509501.5 fold Stomach capacity(ml)30-3520030010 fold 1.physical g

5、rowth calcificationeruptionsheddingBegins at completedmaxillarymandibularmaxillarymandibularCentral incisors5 fetal18-246-85-77-8 ys.6-7 ys.Lateral incisors5 fetal18-248-117-108-97-8Cuspids6 fetal30-3616-2016-2011-129-11First molars5 fetal24-3010-1610-1610-1110-12Second molars6 fetal3620-3020-3010-1

6、211-132.physiological development related to nutrition3.Psychosocial-biological interactions Food choiceHealthy eating is important in this period Influences on Food ChoicesFeeding the Young Child幼儿膳食的基本要求幼儿膳食的基本要求 青春期的营养和膳食青春期的营养和膳食nutrition and dietary of adolescents青春期少女的生理和心理青春期少女的生理和心理性腺腺垂体神经垂体

7、 下 丘 脑 组织肾上腺甲状腺LHRH FSH-RH GRH PIF PRF GRIH GRH TRH雌激素孕激素睾丸酮LHFSHACTHGHTSHPRL肾上腺皮质素雄激素兴奋抑制青春期内分泌调节示意图神经中枢甲状腺素 青春期的营养需要Nutrient Requirements 一日食谱举例食物食物g能量能量kcal蛋白质蛋白质g钙钙mg铁铁mgVB1mgVcMg大米大米400138831486.40.72柑子柑子100510.7350.20.0828鸡蛋鸡蛋50696.32410.02瘦猪肉瘦猪肉507210.231.5草鱼草鱼50568.3190.40.02牛奶牛奶20010862080.

8、60.032千张千张5013012.51563.210.04菠菜菠菜4009610.426411.60.16128豆油豆油2522530.5合计合计220085.476026.11.06158Anorexia nervosa That autumn,Heather was rejected by Oxford.By now it was evident that she was very thin.At Christmas,her behaviour led to major upsets and rows in the family.Finally,early in the New Year

9、,her parents persuaded her to see the family doctor.When weighed atthe surgery,she was just under six stones(37 kg).It was clear now that she was suffering from anorexia nervosa.老年营养The changes of agingchanges in body composition)changes in metabolismchanges in hormone levelschanges in immune functionnutrient needs of older adultsprotein needsvitamin and mineral学习要点