疫苗与免疫预.ppt
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1、疫苗与免疫预防疫苗与免疫预防Vaccine and immunoprophylaxisvWorldwide,vaccine sales are estimated to be approximately US$6.5 billion,representing only two per cent of the global pharmaceutical market,roughly equalling the sales of one successful drug(Greco,2002).v对病原的免疫力分为对病原的免疫力分为先天性先天性和和获得性获得性免疫两种,免疫两种,v免疫预防是疫病控制
2、实践中面临的主要问题,主要免疫预防是疫病控制实践中面临的主要问题,主要通过通过人工被动人工被动及及主动免疫式主动免疫式为动物提供免疫保护。为动物提供免疫保护。v人工主动免疫通过接种疫苗来实现。人工主动免疫通过接种疫苗来实现。v疫苗免疫接种是控制动物疫病的主要手段,疫苗分疫苗免疫接种是控制动物疫病的主要手段,疫苗分活疫苗活疫苗、灭活疫苗灭活疫苗、亚单位疫苗亚单位疫苗及及生物技术疫苗生物技术疫苗几几大类,前两者最为常用,各有优缺点。大类,前两者最为常用,各有优缺点。VACCINOLOGYSUBUNITVACCINEEPITOPEVACCINEVaccines induce protective i
3、mmunity,an enhanced adaptive immune response to re-infection.WHOLEORGANISMPATHOGEN AND HOST如何找到疫苗株如何找到疫苗株/疫苗分子?疫苗分子?传统方法传统方法 找到合适的疫苗株找到合适的疫苗株 找到合适的疫苗分子找到合适的疫苗分子新技术的应用:新技术的应用:v反向疫苗学反向疫苗学v免疫蛋白组学免疫蛋白组学Reverse VaccinologyvThe basic idea behind Reverse Vaccinology is that an entire pathogenic genome can
4、be screened usingbioinformaticsapproaches to find genes.vNext,those genes are filtered for desirable attributes that would make good vaccine targets such as outer membrane proteins.vThose proteins then undergo normal wet lab testing for immune responses.Genome SequenceIn silico analysisHigh throughp
5、utCloning and expression In vitro and in vivo assays forVaccine candidate identificationGlobal genomic approach to identify new vaccine candidatesvAdvantagesFast access to virtually every antigenNon-cultivable can be approachedNon abundant antigens can be identifiedAntigens not expressed in vitro ca
6、n be identified.Non-structural proteins can be usedvDisadvantagesNon proteinous antigens like polysaccharides,glycolipids cannot be used.In Silico AnalysisGene/Protein Sequence DatabaseDisease related protein DBCandidate Epitope DBVACCINOMEPeptideMultitope vaccinesEpitope prediction2D-WB的免疫蛋白组学的免疫蛋白
7、组学IEFSDS-PAGE分析后进行分析后进行质谱鉴定质谱鉴定Western-blot相同的蛋相同的蛋白样品白样品l进行质谱分析进行质谱分析的是染色胶上的的是染色胶上的点点l这些点与转印这些点与转印膜上有免疫反应膜上有免疫反应性的点相对应性的点相对应近年发表的免疫蛋白组学文章vZhang,W.,Liu,G.,Tang,F.,Shao,J.,Lu,Y.,Bao,Y.,Yao,H.,Lu,C.,2011a,Pre-absorbed immunoproteomics:a novel method for the detection of Streptococcus suis surface prot
8、eins.PLoS One 6,e21234.vZhang,W.,Shao,J.,Liu,G.,Tang,F.,Lu,Y.,Zhai,Z.,Wang,Y.,Wu,Z.,Yao,H.,Lu,C.,2011b,Immunoproteomic analysis of bacterial proteins of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1.Proteome Sci 9,32.vZhang,W.,Lu,C.P.,2007a,Immunoproteomic assay of membrane-associated proteins of Strep
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