社会规范对自我他人风险决策差异的影响.docx
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1、社会规范对自我他人风险决策差异的影响朱亿萧闫巩固(北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875)摘要目的:探讨社会规范在自我他人风险决策差异中的作用,并以此解释前人在自我 他人风险决策差异的不一致结果。方法:以68名北京某大学在校学生为被试,采用2 (决 策对象:给自己做决策,给他人做决策)*2 (决策类型:做冒险决策不违背社会规范,做冒 险决策违背社会规范)两因素被试内设计,通过操纵不同的决策情境,来观察被试决策的冒 险程度以及反应时的差异。结果:对于决策结果,决策类型主效应显著,在不违背社会规范 的情况下做决策更加冒险(Po.ooi),决策类型和决策对象交互作用显著(Pgo01)。对于 决策反应
2、时,决策对象主效应显著(/V0.05),给自己做决策时所用时间更短,决策对象和 决策类型交互作用显著(P0.05)结论:1)在违背社会规范的情况下,给他人做决策更加 冒险。2)给他人做决策时被试更加谨慎,特别是在违背规范的条件下,给他人做决策的时 间更长。社会规范可以解释前人研究中自我他人风险决策差异中结果不一致的现象。关键词自我他人决策;风险决策;社会规范The effect of social norms on self-other risk decision makingZhu Yixiao Yan Gonggu (School of Psychology, Beijing Normal
3、 University, Beijing 100875)Abstract : Objective: To investigate the effect of social norms on self-other decision making and make explanations to the inconsistent of the risk preference in self-other decision making. Method: The experiment considered two factors: decision target (self or other) and
4、 the social norms (social norms accepted risk decisions, social norms were against risk decisions). 68 participants took part in the experiment. They were asked to make decisions for themselves and for others in two types of decision situations. Participants* decisions and response time were recorde
5、d. Results: The main effect of social norms where significant, (P0. 00 . The interactions of decision target and social norms were significant, (P0. OOD , More time is needed when make decision for others, P0. 04 . The interactions of decision target and social norms were significant , (P0. 05). Con
6、clusion: l)When making risk decisions is against social norms, people tend to be more risk taking when deicide for others than for themselves. 2) Individuals spend longer time when deciding for others especially when making risk aversion decisions for others in situations that risk decisions against
7、 social norms.Key word: social norms; risk decision ; self-other decision making社会规范(SoCial norms)是组成社会群体成员可接受或不可接受行为的各项文化价值 标准的一种社会行为规范,其作为文化背景的一种表达方式,会导致被试在做决策时的反 应差异。自我他人决策差异一直以来是研究者关注的问题E但前人对于自我他人决策 差异在风险决策情景下的研究并没有得出致的结论。前人在使用不同实验材料情况下,得 出与为自己做决策相比为他人做决策更冒险、更保守力或者没有差异。为解释前人研究 的不一致结果,本研究在自我他人风险决
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- 关 键 词:
- 社会 规范 自我 他人 风险 决策 差异 影响
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