大学英语四级听力技巧.ppt

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1、概述概述 基本要求基本要求： 能听懂题材熟悉、句子结构比较简单、基本上没有生词、语速为130150词/分钟的简短会话、谈话和报道讲座，掌握其大意，抓住其要点和有关细节，并领会说话者的观点和态度。一遍可以听懂并理解的准确率不应低于70%。六项技能：1理解中心思想、听懂重要细节；2理解隐含的意思，作出准确的推断和判断；3辨别语音特征，通过声音的高低、快慢辨认重要信息；4理解句子及上下文间关系，如比较目的、原因等；5判断说话人身份、观点和态度；6根据所听内容，准确记录单词和句子大意； 试题形式试题形式：Part I, Listening Comprehension, 20题，由Section A 和

2、Section B组成 ，共20分钟；Section A 每次必考，每题为一组对话，后接一个问题，只读一遍，选择答案；Section B 有两种形式：短文理解(short passage)和复合式听写(compound dictation)。Short passages: 共3篇，120140词/篇，3-4个问题，共10个问题，只读一遍；Compound dictation：试卷二，250词左右，10个空缺，前7个为单词，后3个为句子或句子的一部分；读三遍，第一、三遍不停顿，第二遍停顿，可以用原句，也可以根据理解自己组织语言；15分钟。 试题内容试题内容：1 conversation：关于日常

3、生活的对话，衣食住行，学校、公共场所、家庭等；句子不太复杂；2 short passages：题材熟悉，情节不太复杂的故事，人物传记，新闻报道，及风土人情，科学介绍等；3 compound dictation：所用文章与2相当。命题规律命题规律：1对话部分: 按内容可分为：时间与数字类，地点类，人物身份及关系类，推理判断类，因果关系类，行为举止类，主题细节类，请求和建议类等；其中推理判断类，因果关系类所占比例越来越大，难度有所加强。多数情况下就第二人的讲话内容设问，特殊疑问句，推理判断类是重点； 2003年1月题举例1 M: Mary, would you join me for dinner

4、 tonight? W: You treated me last weekend. Now its my turn. Shall we try some thing Italian? Q: What do we learn from the conversation? A) They are both anxious to try Italian food. B) They are likely to have dinner together. C) The man will treat the woman to dinner tonight. D) The woman refused to

5、have dinner with the man. The Correct Answer： B2 W: Good afternoon, Im calling to inquire about the four-bedroom house you advertised in the paper. M: Im sorry, but its already sold. Q: What do we learn about the house from the conversation? A) Its only for rent, not for sale. B) Its not as good as

6、advertised. C) Its being redecorated. D) Its no longer available. The Correct Answer： D3 W: John, what are you doing on your computer? Dont you remember your promise? M: This is not a game. Its only a cross-word puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary. Q: Whats the probable relationship between the

7、 speakers? A) Colleagues. B) Husband and wife. C) Employer and employee. D) Mother and son. The Correct Answer： D 2 短文部分： 考点： 对中心思想、事实细节、因果 关系的理解； 口语化，逻辑性较强，答案一般能从文章中找到；问题一般包括三大类： 综合推理类（原因、结论、观点等）、主旨大意类（文章开始和结尾）、事实细节类（时间、地点、人物、关系等）。2003年6月举例Passage two1. How did the speaker feel when his father aske

8、d him to help cut grass?2. What did his father do when the speaker missed cutting some leaves?3. What did the speaker want to tell us in this passage?3 复合式听写：考得并不多，但是难度有加大的趋势；2003年1月举例： Its difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. Its so vast, so deep, so (S1) _. Unfortunately, its not

9、 bottomless. Over-fishing, (S2) _ with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and (S3) _ their environment. Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermens means of living. At least 60 (S4) _ of the worlds commercially important fish (S5) _ are already over-fished, or fished to the

10、limit. As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of sea to commercial fishing. Big, high-tech fleets (S6) _ that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. Thats an (S7) _ of more than 20 million metr

11、ic tons every year. (S8) _. In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns (对虾) caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time. True, (S9) _, then catch them in a way that doesnt kill other innocent sea l

12、ife. Keys 1.mysterious, 2. coupled, 3. ruining, 4. percent, 5. species, 6. ensure, 7. average, 8. When countries are beginning to deal with this problem, but its vital we find rational ways of fishing9. It would make sense to give the fish enough time to recover, grow to full size and reproduce分类指导(

13、一）对话部分 时间及数字题： 非必考题，但是常考； 1 同时提到几个时间，选择；（例） 2 不直接提到答案，就给出数据进行简 单换算； （例） 解题技巧： 在听完Directions后有25秒钟停顿。考生应充分利用这段间隙时间。首先，从Directions的第1句中了解独白或对话的主题。然后浏览表格，划出信息信号词。最后，根据题号推测所要搜索的目标信息的类型和范畴并确定所要填的词的词性，做到胸有成竹。 在听的过程中搜索目标信息并用速记法填写在表格中。在第1遍听完以后有30秒钟的停顿，考生应抓紧时间把速记的答案写成文字并注意单词的拼写。如，socio.- sociology。 搜索信息时要注意准

14、确性。如，年份不要填错。 听完第1遍后，除了写出答案以外，考生要确定哪些答案是有把握的，哪些是没有把握的，应做出标记。这样，在听第2遍时可以带着问题听，有的放矢，目标明确。 听完第2遍后有20秒钟停顿，考生应利用这段间隙时间检查全部答案。 数字和年份一律用阿拉伯数字写。单词拼写错，一律不给分。 解题要点：解题要点：1 时间的表达法；2 年月日的表达法；3 近音数字的辨别；4 表示倍数、价格、货币名称的词的读法； 3 times the price, twice as much, quarters, 5 数字，尤其是分数的读法；6 提前阅读选项，并猜出可能的问题，做到有的放矢，提高效率； A.

15、$1.40, B. $4.30, C. $6.40, D. $8.60 地点题：解题指导：抓住表示地点及关系特征的关键词关键词 1 学校；老师学校；老师/学生关系：学生关系： class, academic year(学年), application form, registration（注册）, scholarship, freshmen, sophomore, junior, senior, postgraduate, graduate, term paper（学期论文）, thesis (硕士论文), full-time, tuition(学费), campus, credits（学分）

16、, required /compulsory courses（必修课）, elective/optional courses（选修课）, Masters degree（硕士学位）, Bachelors degree（学士学位）, Doctors degree（博士学位）, doctorate（博士学位）, diploma（毕业证）, dormitory/dorm, alumni（校友）, philosophy, economics, homework, exams, principal（校长）, library, score（分数）, syllabus（教学大纲）, 2 餐馆；侍者和客人关系：餐馆；侍者和客人关系： waiter/waitress, menu, dish, drink, tip（小费）, salad, bill（账单）, dessert, order, steak, go Dutch, change（零钱）, well-done（食物等很熟）, medium（中熟）, rare-done（嫩）, delicious, greasy（油腻）, spicy（辣，口味重）,