《工程热力学》第五版大总结-.docx

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1、温度、压力等.在热力过程中，强度性参数起着推动力作用，称为广义力或势.广延性介数：整个系统的某广廷性参数例等r系统中各单元休该广廷性参数值之和，如系统的容积、内能、培、一等。在热力过程中，广廷性参数的变化起希类似力学中位移的作用，称为广义位移。准态过程；过程进行得作常婕性，使过程中系统内部被破坏了的平衡有足够的时间快到新的平衡态.从而使过程的每一瞬间系统内部的状态都非常接近平衡状态.整个过程可看作是由一系列非常接近平衡态的状态所组成.并称之为准静态过程.可逆过程：当系统进行正、反两个过程后,系统1.j外界均能完全回12到初始状态,这样的过f可逆过程.廉功：由于系统容积发生变化（增大或缩小而通过

2、界面向外界传递的机桢功称为膨胀功，也称容积功.B*:通过热力系边界所传通的除功之外的能量,篇力循环：工质从某一初态开始，经历一系列状态变化，身后又回更到初始状态的全部过程称为热力筛环，简称循环.2.常用公式状态）数：2（1.x=.r2-x1H)p=B-HPB)式中8当地大气压力口一高于当地人气压力时的相对压力，称表压力：H一低于当地大气质力时的相对压力.称为真空值.比容：1 -V=mgm式中V工质的容枳m一工质的质:2 .尸=I式中p-工质的密度kg11?v一工质的比容mj1.g热力I1.环：f=f”d7Z式中小一工质从热源吸热：公一工质向冷源放热：Hb循环所作的冷功.制冷系数：J=，2Hb7

3、1.-72式中qi工质向热源放出热盘：0工质从冷源吸取热业：心一循环所作的净功。供热系数，Gq=-WI)pP,M,R混铲C体的比热容：e=,c1.+g2Cj+g6=Xg混合气体的F枳比熟1+r2c:,+、=力3:-1混合气体的摩尔比熟容：MC=MSMc,=x,.混铲C体的偏力学能、始和箫U=N5或U=Ym,u,=，或h=,I-I(-1S=SSi或S=力.明f-/-I范瓦尔(VanderWaabO方程Ip+4(v-)=fr对于Ikmo1.实际，体(Y叫=*压缩因子，对比分热3.重要图表.1.=JZ1.嗡RT常用气体在理想状态下的定压摩尔比焦与混度的关系Mcp=ar,+a1.T+aiT2+ak1.

4、/(hntik)气体分子式询4IO5,IO6,IO9温度范出(K)班大误差%空气28.1061.96654.8023-1.9661273-1MW0.72H28.10-1.9159-4.0038-0.8704273-18001.01HCh25.17715.20225.06181.3117273-1MIO1.19鼠N228.907-1.57138.0805-28.7256273-18000.59一乳化碳CO28.2601.67515.3717-2.2219273-1MW0.89二辄化模CO：22.25759.8084-35.01007.4693273-18000.M7水蒸气H2O32.2381.9

5、2410.55493.5952273-IMW0.53乙痂CiHi4.1261155.021381,545516.9755298-15000.30WttCiHi3.7457234.0107115.127821.7353298-15(100.44甲烷CHt19.88750.241612.6860-11.0113273-15001.33乙烷C2Hi.5.413178.08726937498.7147次-IS(IO0.70丙烷CjHi-4.233306.264-158.631632.1455298-15000.28几种体花理极”体状春下的平均定压质瑞比热容r)OjN1H2CO空气CO2H2O00.91

6、51.03914.1951.0401.0(M0.8151.8590.9231.04014.3531.0421.oo60.8661.8732000.9351.04314.4211.0461.0120.9101.8943000.9501.04914.4461.0541.0190.9491.9194000.9651.05714,4771.0631.0280.9831.M85000.9791.06614.5091.0751.0391.0131.S86000.9931.07614.5421.061.0501.0402.00971.0Q51.08714.5871.0981.0611.0642.(M2800

7、1.0161.09714.6411.1091.0711.0852.0759001.026MOK14.7061.120I.OKI1.1042.11010001.0351.11814,7761.1301.0911.1222.144IHX)1.0431.12714.8531.14)1.1(1.132.17712001.0511.13614.9341.1491.1081.1532.21113001.0S81.14515.023I.I5K1.1171.1662.24314001.0651.15315.1131.1661.1241.1782.27415001.0711.115.2021.1731.131I

8、.IS92.30516001.0771.16715.231.1801.1381.2002.33517001.0&31.17415.3W1.1871.1441.2092.36318001.0891.1.SO15.4721.1921.1501.2182.39119001.OW1.1K615.5611.1981.1561.2262.41720001.0991.19115.6491.2031.1611.2332.44221001.11M1.19715.7361J81.166).2412.46622001.1091.201.15,8191.2131.1711.2472.48923001.1141.206I5.91)212181.1761.253231224001.1181.21015.9831.2221.1801.2592.53325001.1231.21416.06412261.1821.2642554青咬。（kg?）1.42861.25050.089991.25051.29321.96480.8042几料，体的界套戴和范瓦尔常数物质名称,(K)PC(MPa)10(MPa.m6,kmo1.2)