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1、介词(preposition)又称前置词,是一种虚词。介词不能单独做句子成分。介词后须接宾语,介词与其宾语构成介诃短语.、介词从其构成来看可以分为:1、简洁介词(SimPIeprepositions)如:at,by,for,in,from,since,through等;2、复合介词(Compoundprepositions)如:onto,outof,without,towards等;3、短语介词(phrasa1.prepositions)如;becauseof,insteadof,onaccountof,inspiteof,infrontof等;4、二重介词(doub1.eprepositio
2、ns)如:frombehind,fromunder,ti1.1.after等;5、分词介词(participia1.prepositions),又可称动词介词(verba1.prepositions)如:during,concerning,excepting,considering,past二、常见介词的基本用法1、 about关于DoyouknowsomethingaboutTom?Whataboutthiscoat?(怎么样)2、 after在之后I,mgoingtoseeyouaftersupper.Tom1.ookedafterhissickmotheryesterday.(照看)3、
3、 across横过Canyouswimacrosstheriver.4、 against反对Areyoufororagainstme?Nothingcou1.dmakemeturnagainstmycountry.(背翔)5、 a1.ong沿着Wewa1.keda1.ongtheriverbank.6、 before在之前Ihopetogettherebeforeseveno,c1.ock.It1.ooksasthoughitwi1.1.snowbefore1.ong.(不久)7、behind在后面Thesunishiddenbehindthec1.ouds.8、by到时Wehad1.earn
4、edtenEng1.ishsongsbytheendof1.astterm.9、during在期间Whereareyougoingduringtheho1.iday.IO-except除了Everyoneexceptyouansweredthequestioncorrect1.y.11、for为了Thestudentsarestudyinghardforthepeop1.e.12、from从IcomefromShanghai.13、in在里On在上面Under在下面Therearetwoba1.1.sin/on/underthedesk.14、near在旁边We1.ivenearthepark
5、.15、of的Doyouknowthenameofthewinner.16、over在正上方Thereisabridgeovertheriver.TomgoesoverhisEng1.isheveryday.(且习)17、round/around围绕Thestudentsstandaroundtheteacher.19、towards朝着Thecaristrave1.ingtowardsBeijing.20、with和一起Wou1.dyou1.iketogotothecinemawithme?18、to朝方向Canyoute1.1.methewaytothecinema.学习这些介闻时可以先记
6、住它的汉语意思,然后参按例句来加深理解,并在今后的学习中加以敏捷运用C三、常用易混沿介词辨析1、after/in皆可表示时间在之后,其区分为:after1)表示“在某点时间之后”,用于将来时。如:We,11gooutforawa1.kaftersupper.2)表示“一段时间之后”,用于过去时。如:Mymothercamehomeafterha1.fanhour.in表示“一段时间之后”,用于将来时。如:We11gotoschoo1.intwoweeks.atseveno,c1.ock(详细某一时刻用at)inApri1./inApri1.,2002(详细某一月份或年份用in)onApri1.
7、5,2002/onthemorningofMonday(详细某一天用on)3、in/by/withHewritesinb1.ackink.(用材料)Theguardcutonebootopenwithaknife.(用工具)Shea1.waysgoestoschoo1.bybike.(用手段)4、between/amongCanyousaythedifferencesbetweenthetwowords?(两者之间)PremierChouEn-Iai1.ivesamongthepeop1.eforever.(三者或三者以)5、besides/exceptWehaveseenthecrocodi
8、1.ebesides1.iFang.(除之外,还有)余部计算在内Wearea1.1.ChineseexceptTominourc1.ass.(除之外)不计算在内6、on/over/aboveThereisaboatonthedesk(在某物面上,与此物接触:)Thereisabridgeovertheriver.(在某物正上方,与此物不接触,或横在某物上,或覆盖在某物上)Shespreadac1.othoverthetab1.e.Hehe1.dhisheadsabovehishead.(在上,强调高干。”)7、on/in/toMongo1.iaisonthenorthofchina.(与中国接
9、壤,不M于中国)Japanistotheeastofchina.(不属于中国,且不接壤)TaiwanisintheeastofChina.(价湾属于中国)8、since/forsince表示从过去某一时间以来for表示一段时间Ihavebeen1.ivingheresince1982.(自1982年以来,我始终住在这里)Ihavebeen1.ivingherefor20years.(我已经在这里住了20年了)9、of/fromThedeskismadeofwood(看得出材料)Paperismadefromwood.(看不出材料)Thebreadismadeupoff1.our,sugaran
10、dmi1.k.(由数种成分组成)10、by/onHeusedtogotoschoo1.bybike.(抽象概括)Hecametoschoo1.onthisbikeyesterday.(详细到哪一辆车)11、of/forIfskindofyoutocometoseeme.(既说明不定式本身特点,又说明逻辑主语的品性)It*simportantforyoustudentsto1.earnEng1.ishWe1.1.(只说明不定式本身的特征)12、of/inThisisthemostinterestingofa1.1.theStorieS.(从个体的集体着眼)Chinahasthe1.argestp
11、opu1.ationintheWorId.(从总体概括着眼)13、of/about/on表示”谈与,论述“DoyouknowofAmericansingerJohnDenver?(涉与浅层关系)Ihaveneverheardabouthim.(表示谈论等深一步的关系)Thisbookisongrammar.(以为主要内容)14、throughpastacrossThenewrai1.wayrunsthroughthesma1.1.town.(穿过)Hewa1.keds1.ow1.ypasttheta1.1.bui1.ding.(从旁边经过)Marywa1.kedacrosstheparktod
12、osomeshopping.(强调从一边到另一边)15、by/with通过手段WewritewithaPen.(表示较详细的并物)There*snothingtogainbyWaiting.(表示抽象)16、despite=inspiteof(介词)/a1.though(连词)despite是介词,后面接名词或动名词,不能跟句子a1.though是连词,后面要跟句子。A1.thoughIwasi1.1.yesterday,Isti1.1.wenttoschoo1.Despitefai1.ureintheexam,Isti1.1.haveachancetowinintheterm.17、as/1
13、.ikeas1)用作介词时意思为“作为,充当”如:Sheactedasaninterpreter.2)用作连词时意思为“像一样;当,由于Asitwasco1.d,Ididn,tgooutside.1.ike用作介词,意思为像一样Johnsings1.ikeanightinga1.e.18、byday(指白天)/bytheday(按口计算)IworkedherebydayandIampaidbytheday.一、3.表示地点时at,in,on的区分5.表方位的介词in,on,to,off的区分 in表示在境内. on表示相邻或在边界上,不在境内. to表示在境外,不接壤.off表示在海面上咏近海
14、岸的地方.Guangdong1.iesthesouthofChinaandFujianistheeastofit.Hainanisthecoastofthemain1.and.二表示时间介词1.at,in,on的区分1 Thetrain1.eaves6:00pm,soIhavetobeatthestation5:40atthe1.atest.A.at;unti1.B.for;afterC.at;byD.beforejaround2 Theo1.dmandiedco1.daco1.dnight.A.from;atB.of;inC.of;onD.for;during3 Therai1.waywas
15、openedtrafficApri1.4,1985.A.to;onB.to;inC.by;onD.for;onin,on,at的区分和用法Dat表示在某一时刻或短暂的时间。atoneo,c1.ock(在一点钟),atdawn(在黎明),atsunrise(在日出时),atnoon(在正午),atthattime(在那时),atthe1.astmoment(在最终一刻),atbreakfast(在早长时)atdarkat亦可表示“年龄”、“节R”等。attheageoftwenty(在二十岁时),atMid-autumn(在中秋节时),atChristmas(在圣诞乃Ri)2) in用来表示某年、某月、季节、上下午、傍晚等时间in1998inMay,inMay,1998inthemorningafternoonevening,inthenight(特指某夜间,而atnight表泛指的夜间),intheday(在白天)insummerinthetw