搅拌性能比较单轴和双轴搅拌机--中英文翻译.docx

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1、附录:外文资料与中文翻译外文资料：ComparingmixingperformanceofuniaxialandbiaxialbinblendersAmitMehrotraandFernandoJ.MuzzioDepartmentofChemicalandBiochemicalEngineering,RutgersUniversity,Piscataway,NJ,08855,UnitedStatesReceived17February2009;revised30May2009;accepted14June2009.Availableonline27June2009.AbstractThedyn

2、amicsinvolvedinpowdermixingremainsatopicofinterestformanyresearchers;howeverthetheorystillremainsunderdeveloped.Mostofthemixersarestilldesignedandscaleduponempiricalbasis.Inmanyindustries,includingpharmaceutical,themajorityofblendingisperformedusingttumblingmixers,Tumblingmixersarehollowcontainerswh

3、icharepartiallyloadedwithmaterialsandrotatedforsomenumberofrevolutions.Somecommonexamplesincludehorizontaldrummixers,v-blenders,doubleconeblendersandbinblenders.Inallthesemixerswhilehomogenizationinthedirectionofrotationisfast,mediatedbyaconvectivemixingprocess,mixinginthehorizontal(axial)direction,

4、drivenbyadispersiveprocess,isoftenmuchslower.Inthispaper,weexperimentallyinvestigateanewtumblingmixerthatrotateswithrespecttotwoaxes:ahorizontalaxis(tumblingmotion),andacentralsymmetryaxis(spinningmotion).Adetailedstudyisconductedonmixingperformanceofpowdersandtheeffectofcriticalfundamentalparameter

5、sincludingblendergeometry,speed,filllevel,presenceofbaffles,loadingpattern,andaxisofrotation.InthisworkAcetaminophenisusedastheactivepharmaceuticalingredientandtheformulationcontainscommonlyusedexcipientssuchasAvicelandLactose.Themixingefficiencyischaracterizedbyextractingsamplesafterpre-determinedn

6、umberofrevolutions,andanalyzingthemusingNearInfraredSpectroscopytodeterminecompositionaldistribution.Resultsshowtheimportanceofprocessvariablesincludingtheaxisofrotationonhomogeneityofpowderblends.GraphicalabstractThedynamicsinvolvedinpowdermixingremainsatopicofinterestformanyresearchers;howeverthet

7、heorystillremainsunderdeveloped.Mostofthemixersarestilldesignedandscaleduponempiricalbasis.Inmanyindustries,includingpharmaceutical,themajorityofblendingisperformedusing4tumblingmixers,Inallthesemixerswhilehomogenizationinthedirectionofrotationisfast,mediatedbyaconvectivemixingprocess,mixinginthehor

8、izontal(axial)direction,drivenbyadispersiveprocess,isoftenmuchslower.Inthispaper,weexperimentallyinvestigateanewtumblingmixerthatrotateswithrespecttotwoaxes:ahorizontalaxis(tumblingmotion),andacentralsymmetryaxis(spinningmotion).KeywordsjPowdermixing;Cohesion;Blender;Mixer;Relativestandarddeviation;

9、NIR;AcetaminophenArticleOutline1.Introduction2.Materialsandmethods2.1. Nearinfraredspectroscopy2.2. Binblendersusedinthisstudy:uni-axialblender(Blender1),bi-axialblender(Blender2)2.3. Experimentalmethod3.Results4.ConclusionReferences1. IntroductionParticleblendingisarequiredstepinavarietyofapplicati

10、onsspanningtheceramic,food,glass,metallurgical,polymers,andpharmaceuticalsindustries.Despitethelonghistoryofdrysolidsmixing(orperhapsbecauseofit),comparativelylittleisknownofthemechanismsinvolved1,and3.Acommontypeofbatchindustrialmixeristhetumblingblender,wheregrainsflowbyacombinationofgravityandves

11、selrotation.Althoughthetumblingblenderisaverycommondevice,mixingandsegregationmechanismsinthesedevicesarenotfullyunderstoodandthedesignofblendingequipmentislargelybasedonempiricalmethods.Tumblersarethemostcommonbatchmixersinindustry,andalsofinduseinmyriadofapplicationasdryers,kilns,coaters,millsandg

12、ranulators4,5,6,7and8.Whilefree-flowingmaterialsinrotatingdrumshavebeenextensivelystudied9and110,cohesivegranularflowsinthesesystemsarestillnotcompletelyunderstood.Littleisknownabouttheeffectoffundamentalparameterssuchasblendergeometry,speed,filllevel,presenceofbaffles,loadingpatternandaxisofrotatio

13、nonmixingperformanceofcohesivepowdersorthescalingrequirementsofthedevices.However,conventionaltumblers,rotatingaroundahorizontalaxis,allshareanimportantcharacteristic:whilehomogenizationinthedirectionofrotationisfast,mediatedbyaconvectivemixingprocess,mixinginthehorizontal(axial)direction,drivenbyad

14、ispersiveprocess,isoftenmuchslower.Inthispaper,weexperimentallyinvestigateanewtumblingmixerthatrotateswithrespecttotwoaxes:ahorizontalaxis(tumblingmotion),andacentralsymmetryaxis(spinningmotion).Weexaminetheeffectsoffilllevel,mixingtime,loadingpatternandaxisofrotationonthemixingperformanceofafree-fl

15、owingmatrixofFastFlolactoseandAvicel102,containingamoderatelycohesiveAPI,micronizedAcetaminophen.WeuseextensivesamplingtocharacterizemixingbytrackingtheevolutionofAcetaminophenhomogeneityusingaNearInfraredspectroscopydetectionmethod.AftermaterialsandmethodsaredescribedinSection2,resultsarepresentedi

16、nSection3,followedbyconclusionsandrecommendations,whicharepresentedinSection4.2. MaterialsandmethodsThematerialsusedinthestudyarelistedinTable1,alongwiththeirsizeandmorphology.Acetaminophenisblendedwithcommonlyusedexcipientsandisusedasatracertoevaluatethedegreeofhomogeneityachievedasafunctionofnumberofrevolutions.Acetaminophenisoneofthedrugsmostwidelyusedinmixingstudies,andAvicelandLactosearecommonlyusedpha